1 / 33

Spinach Production in West Central Michigan

Spinach Production in West Central Michigan. James Breinling:. Michigan State University Extension Veggie School Thursday, February 26, 2004 Jim Breinling,Michigan State University Extension. Brief Background. Interest in processed frozen spinach Spring of 2003 - 4 growers planted

yehuda
Download Presentation

Spinach Production in West Central Michigan

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Spinach Production in West Central Michigan James Breinling: Michigan State University Extension Veggie School Thursday, February 26, 2004 Jim Breinling,Michigan State University Extension

  2. Brief Background • Interest in processed frozen spinach • Spring of 2003 - 4 growers planted • Summer of 2003 - 4 plantings in Mason/Oceana counties - approx. 80 acres • Decision - not to harvest - over winter • Potential for expansion 2004-2006

  3. Planting of Spinach in Mason County, Oct. 13, 2003

  4. About the same time last Sept.- Oct. • Found on a web site National Spinach Conference November 20 & 21 2003 Fayetteville, Arkansas • Vegetable AoE - Growing the Michigan Vegetable Industry • $2,000 grant - myself and three other growers attended

  5. 1st Day of Meetings at Washington County Extension Office What did we learn? • Spinach is good for you - Vitamin A, Vitamin C, Iron - Antioxidant activity - Folic Acid & disease-prevention properties - Age-related Macular Degeneration - Bottom-line - eat more spinach! Why? For all the above reasons…. it’s good for you!

  6. Herbicides Issues Nilda Burgos - Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences at University of Arkansas • Need for additional herbicides critical • 3 registered in Arkansas - cycloate (Ro-Neet), sethoxydim (Poast), and phenmedipham (Spin-aid) - metolachlor (Dual) preemergence; Sec. 18, many years - Exploring herbicide resistance by whole plant selection

  7. Herbicides Issues (con.) - started fall of 2001 - 4 cultivars - .5 and 1.0x rates of glyphoste (Roundup) and glufosenate (Liberty) - a few plants survived - 2003 study spinach tolerance to imazamox (Raptor) - Raptor labeled cowpea - rotation with spinach - rates highly injurious when applied preemergence - lower rates need to be tested - Spinach cultivars show differential tolerance to foliar application of Raptor

  8. Potential Herbicides - Spinach Texas the Oklahoma Russell Wallace - CES, Texas A&M • Bixby, Oklahoma 2002-2003 • 3 highest yielding preemergence treatments - Lorox (0.10 lb. a.i/A) - Ro-Neet (3.0 lb. a.i) & Lorox (0.05 lb. a.i) - Define (0.15 lb. a.i) & Lorox (0.05 lb. a.i) • Crystal City, Texas - Ro-Neet, Dual Magnum and Outlook alone had least crop injury - Best combination included: Ro-Neet (3.0 or 4.0 lb. a.i) and Outlook (0.25 lb. a.i) Ro-Neet (3.0 or 4.0 lb. a.i) and Lorox (0.05 or 0.10 lb. a.i) Outlook (0.25 lb. a.i) and Lorox (0.05 or o.10 lb. a.i) • Results look promising , need more investigation regarding rates and and combinations

  9. Other topics • Update on Downy Mildew of Spinach • Biology and Management Spinach White Rust • Verticillium Wilt of Spinach • Foliar Fungicide Alternatives in Spinach • Screening and Breeding for Resistance to Leafminer in spinach • Current and Future Insect Management in Spinach and Greens • Spinach Breeding in the Mid South

  10. Spinach Insect Pests and Controls • Paul McLeod, Department of Entomology at U. of A. • Aphids - Green Peach Aphid - Scout 2 - 3 weeks prior to harvest - 20 plants - threshold average 5/plant - Control - imidacloprid • Grasshoppers - Spinach spring and fall “green islands” - Pyrethroid insecticides - Other controls; location of field, “bug knockers”

  11. What we saw - Fri. Nov. 21, 2003 Trip to University of Arkansas - Vegetable Substation - Kibler, Arkansas • Spinach Variety Trail - Focus White Rust Resistance - 39 selections - 5 Tiers - Flat Leaf F-380, XP-17047 - Semi Savoy - Padre - Full Savoy - Ozarka II

  12. Spinach variety trial, U. of A. Kibler Substation

  13. Du-All; seed bed preparation; U. of A.

  14. White Rust on spinach - underside of leaf

  15. White Rust on spinach - top of leaf

  16. St. Helens, spinach variety trial, Nov. 21, 2003 8 weeks after planting

  17. Greens harvest at Newton Farms; Kibler, AR

  18. Returned to U. of A. Vegetable Substation

  19. Dual damage on spinach leaf

  20. Raptor resistance plots

  21. Visit to Gist Farms Spiro, Oklahoma Sat. Nov. 22, 2003 • 7,000 acres - Sharecropping • 800 acres Spinach and Greens, also grow acreage of Snap Beans • Harvesting of Greens and Spinach • Overwinter plantings of spinach

  22. Growers pose during inspection of spinach planter

  23. Close up - one of three planter units

  24. Three ten row beds - note, roller in front

  25. Over winter spinach, Gist Farms, Nov. 22, 2003

  26. Roller used to level spinach beds

  27. So after all that, what did we really learn... • Need 15-18 # of sulfur /A in the form of ammonium sulfate - reduce need of nitrogen • Plant on heavier soil types - ph level important 5.8-6.2 min. • Can increase plant population / acre - more rows to drilling • Proper seedbed preparation - 4 times w/ Du-all in Oklahoma • shallow seeding - use of “pop up fertilizer”

  28. So after all that, what did we really learn….. (con.) • Roll after planting, roll overwinter plantings in spring to level • Spintor for control of leafminer 2 days prior to harvest • Use 2-3 varieties - flat leaf types grow faster than some savoy and full savoy • yield goal - 7 to 8 ton/acre • Stomp spinach, pack tight 40,000 lb.+ per load - 70° and lower, Oklahoma up to 3 days - cut early mornings or evenings - if over 80° - problems

More Related