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Kinetic Molecular Theory

Kinetic Molecular Theory. Phase diagrams. Engage. 1. What inflates the balloon? 2. Where is the gas coming from? 3. Which gas production is a physical change? Why? 4. Which gas production is a chemical change? Why?

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Kinetic Molecular Theory

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  1. Kinetic Molecular Theory Phase diagrams

  2. Engage • 1. What inflates the balloon? • 2. Where is the gas coming from? • 3. Which gas production is a physical change? Why? • 4. Which gas production is a chemical change? Why? • 5. If you could zoom in really far inside a balloon, what do you think the air inside would look like? • 6. How will you describe the gas inside the balloon? Describe at least 3 behavior of gas molecules.

  3. Explore • Draw the phase diagram in notebooks and label the parts.

  4. Explain:Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter • Kinetic energy: the energy an object has because of its motion • Kinetic molecular theory: states that all matter consists of tiny particles that are in constant motion • Kinetic molecular theory as it applies to gases includes five postulates. • 1. The particles in a gas are considered to be small, hard spheres with an insignificant volume. • The distance between particles in a gas is larger than the distance between particles in a solid or liquid. • There is only empty space between the particles. • 2. No attractive or repulsive forces exist between the particles of a gas. • 3. The motion of the particles in a gas is rapid, constant, and random. • Gases fill their containers regardless of shape and volume. • The particles travel in straight-line paths until they collide with another particle or another object, such as the wall of their container. • Their path of uninterrupted travel in a straight line is very short • 4. All collisions between particles in a gas are perfectly elastic. • During an elastic collision, kinetic energy is transferred without loss from one particle to another, and the total kinetic energy remains constant. • 5. The Kelvin temperature of a substance is directly proportional to the average kinetic energy of the particles of the substance. • The particles in helium gas at 200 K have twice the average kinetic energy as the particles in helium gas at 100 K.

  5. Elaborate • Draw a chart and in your own words, summarize the 5 postulates of the Kinetic molecular theory (5 minutes only) • Answer the following questions: • What is the kinetic theory of matter? • How is the motion of the particle affected by temperature? • Does the 5 postulates apply to all phases of matter? • What is meant by the term “elastic”?

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