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Kinetic Molecular Theory

Topic: Matter & Energy – Gases Aim: What is the kinetic molecular theory of ideal gases? Do now: Take out gas laws wkst – you got it the Wed before break (after your test) Draw a picture to illustrate each bullet point. HW: fill in chart, using RB. Kinetic Molecular Theory. For ideal gases

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Kinetic Molecular Theory

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  1. Topic: Matter & Energy – GasesAim: What is the kinetic molecular theory of ideal gases?Do now: Take out gas laws wkst – you got it the Wed before break (after your test)Draw a picture to illustrate each bullet point.HW: fill in chart, using RB

  2. Kinetic Molecular Theory • For ideal gases • Tells how gases should behave

  3. KMT • Gas particles in random, straight-line motion • Possess KE • Gas molecules separated by great distances • Low density most of the volume in the container is empty space • Gases are compressible

  4. KMT • Gas molecules have no attractive force between them 4. Collisions are elastic • no energy is lost – it’s fully transferred from mlcl to mlcl H & He follow these rules!

  5. Physical Processes/Properties of Gases • Expansion • Fluidity • Low density • Compressibility • Diffusion • High to low concentration • Rate depends on KE, size, & attraction of particles • Effusion • Gas particles pass through a tiny opening • Rate depends on molecular mass

  6. Gases exert PRESSURE • Pressure – result of rapidly moving gas particles colliding w/an object & each other • Pressure = collisions • No particles  no pressure  vacuum • Factors affecting pressure • Amount of particles (moles) • Volume (liters) • Temperature (Kelvin)

  7. Real vs. Ideal • In reality, gases do not behave according to KMT • Gas mlcls are slightly attracted to one another • Collisions not elastic • H, He, & small noble gases are closest to ideal • Gases behave most like ideal at HIGH TEMPERATURE and LOW PRESSURE

  8. STP • Standard Temperature & Pressure • Table A • Standard conditions we can hold substances at in order to compare them to one another • Standard Pressure = 101.3 kPa, 1 atm, 760 mm Hg, 760 torr • Standard Temp = 273 K, 0oC

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