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Breeds of Dairy Cattle

Breeds of Dairy Cattle. Animal Science 1 Dairy Unit. Ayrshire. Originated in the country of Ayr Developed during the last part of the 18 th century First imported to the US in 1822 Greatest numbers are found in Northeastern US Breed association is the Ayrshire Breeders’ Association.

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Breeds of Dairy Cattle

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  1. Breeds of Dairy Cattle Animal Science 1 Dairy Unit

  2. Ayrshire • Originated in the country of Ayr • Developed during the last part of the 18th century • First imported to the US in 1822 • Greatest numbers are found in Northeastern US • Breed association is the Ayrshire Breeders’ Association

  3. Ayrshire • May be any shade of cherry red, other colors are mahogany, brown, or white • White may be mixed with any other color but each color should be clearly defined. • Preferred color is a distinctive red and white • Objectionable colors are black and brindle • Straight lines • Well balanced udders that are attached high behind and extend forward. • Teats are medium in size • Vigorous and strong, have excellent grazing ability • Mature cows 1,200 pounds, Mature bulls about 1,800 pounds

  4. Milk Production • Rank 3rd in average milk produced per cow at 11,700 pounds • Average 4% milk fat • Rank 4th in average milk fat produced per cow

  5. Brown Swiss • Originated in Switzerland • One of the oldest dairy breeds • First imported into the US in 1869 • Only 25 bulls and 130 cows were imported into the US • The approximately 820,000 registered Brown Swiss in the US are descendants of those importations • Breed association is the Brown Swiss Cattle Breeder’s Association of the USA, organized in 1880

  6. Brown Swiss • Solid brown, ranging from light to dark • White and off-color spots are objectionable • Nose and tongue are black • Large framed • Mature cows 1500 lbs, Mature bulls 2,000 lbs • Quiet, docile temperament • Longest lived • High heat tolerance

  7. Milk Production • Rank second among dairy breeds in average milk production per cow at 12,100 pounds • Average 4.1% milk fat • Rank 3rd among the dairy breeds in average milk fat produced per cow

  8. Guernsey • Originated on the Isle of Guernsey • Developed by Monks through crossbreeding • First imported into the US in 1831 • Breed association is the American Guernsey Association • Organized in 1877 • Rank 2nd in total number of dairy cattle registered in the US

  9. Guernsey • May be any shade of fawn with white markings • Black and brindle are objectionable • Clear or buff muzzle is preferred over smoky or black • Skin is yellow • Early maturing • Adaptable • Gentle • Mature weight • Cows 1100 lbs, Bulls 1800 lbs

  10. Milk Production • Rank 4th in average milk production per cow at 10,600 lbs • Average 5% milk fat • Rank 2nd in average milk fat produced per cow • Produce milk that is golden in color

  11. Holstein-Friesian • Originated in the Netherlands • Called the Holstein in the US and Canada and the Friesian elsewhere in the world • First imported into the US by the Dutch settlers in 1621 and 1664 • There have been no imports since 1905 • Breed Association-Holstein-Friesian Association of America • 90% of all Dairy Cattle in the US • About 1,500,000 registered Holstein cattle in the US

  12. Holstein-Friesian • Black and white • Solid animals are not acceptable or registered • Recessive gene occasionally causes red and white animals to appear • Largest • Mature cows-1500 lbs, Mature bulls 2200 lbs • Large udders • Cows are quiet but bulls can be mean and dangerous • Adaptable

  13. Milk Production • 1st among dairy breeds in average milk production per cow at 14,500 lbs • Average about 3.5% milk fat • 5th among dairy breeds in average milk fat production per cow

  14. Jersey • Originated on the Isle of Jersey • Imported into the US in about 1815 with major importations occurring between 1870-1890 • Breed association is the American Jersey Cattle Association

  15. Jersey • Cream to a light fawn to almost black in color • Some may have white markings • Switch and tongue may be black or white • Smallest • Mature cows weigh about 1,000 pounds, mature bulls weight about 1600 pounds • Excellent udders that are well attached • Adaptable and efficient users of feed • Somewhat nervous and bulls can be mean and very aggressive • Early maturing

  16. Milk Production • Rank 5th among dairy breeds in average milk production per cow at 10,000 pounds • Average about 5.4% milk fat • Rank 1st among dairy breeds in average milk fat produced per cow

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