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Roots of American Democracy

Roots of American Democracy . Chapter 2. What started it all?????. The Enlightenment Was a cultural movement that used science and reason to influence all aspects of life. Got People thinking about ………. The Enlightenment . Thinkers: John Locke Believed all people were born:

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Roots of American Democracy

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  1. Roots of American Democracy Chapter 2

  2. What started it all????? • The Enlightenment • Was a cultural movement that used science and reason to influence all aspects of life. • Got People thinking about ………

  3. The Enlightenment • Thinkers: • John Locke • Believed all people were born: free, equal, and independent • Created: • Natural Rights: Life / Liberty / Property • Social Contracts: is an agreement among the people in a society • Baron de Montesquieu • Believed a government should be divided into branches & each branch should have a different job and be equal to the others

  4. The Enlightenmenthit England • The Magna-Carta • Limit the Kings power and gave rights to the Nobles • Eventually all Citizens ……….. • The Glorious Revolution • Parliament removed King James II • Parliament becomes stronger than king / queen • English Bill of Rights • Guaranteed: • Free elections / fair trials / no cruel punishment

  5. The English Colonies • Plymouth: • Started by: The Pilgrims • Created: The Mayflower Compact • Written plan for government • 1st Democracy in America • Jamestown: • Started by: Virginia Company • Created: The House of Burgesses • First Representative Assembly (Legislature)

  6. Mercantilism • A nations power depends on its wealth! • Country must become self-sufficient

  7. Move to Independence • Proclamation of 1763 – ended the French and Indian War • Created war dept in England • Stamp Act – taxation of the use of stamps on the colonists • Quartering Act – required colonists to house British troops • Declaratory Act – taxed the colonists for everything • Townshend Act – Required colonists to carry British receipt on purchases Boston Massacre – “No taxation without representation” • Tea Act – Only allowed colonists to buy one brand of tea • East Indian Tea Boston Tea Party – colonists destroyed 342 chests of tea • Intolerable Act – Restricted colonists civil rights

  8. Thomas Paine • Writes: • Common Sense” • Argues: • It is simple common sense to stop following the “Royal Brute” • Wants complete independence • Unifies the Colonists

  9. Colonists Unify • 1st Continental Congress • Founding fathers wanted to establish a political body to represent American interests in the colonies/challenge the British • Formed a Militia • American Revolution Begins • English “loyalists” vs. Colonists “Patriots” • First Battle – Lexington & Concord • 2nd Continental Congress • Founding fathers decided to part ways with the British • Wrote the Declaration of Independence

  10. Colonists vs. British

  11. The Purpose of Government • Protect the rights of the people • Based on the consent of the governed • On have the power that the people give it

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