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Sleep Deprivation, Exercise, and Anxiety

Sleep Deprivation, Exercise, and Anxiety. Erik Manke October 3, 2014. Prank your Friends!. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BUPveZimopc. What is sleep deprivation?. AASM <7-8 hours for adults 20% adults deprived Cognitive Effects

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Sleep Deprivation, Exercise, and Anxiety

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  1. Sleep Deprivation, Exercise, and Anxiety Erik Manke October 3, 2014

  2. Prank your Friends! • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BUPveZimopc

  3. What is sleep deprivation? • AASM • <7-8 hours for adults • 20% adults deprived • Cognitive Effects • Irritability, lack of motivation, anxiety, depression, ƒLack of concentration, Attention deficits, Reduced vigilance, Longer reaction times, Distractibility, Lack of energy, Fatigue, Restlessness, Lack of coordination, Poor decisions, Increased errors, Forgetfulness

  4. Why should you sleep? • WebMD list • Decreased alertness • Memory Impairment • Stress • Heart Issues • Stroke • Depression • Obesity • Poor Quality of life

  5. Fatal Familial Insomnia (FFI) • Very rare autosomal dominant disease • Mutated PrP in brain • Onset 18-60 1) Insomnia, phobias, and paranoia 2) Hallucinations 3) Drastic weight loss 4) Dementia and death -process over only 18 months

  6. Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) • Plaques • Beta-amyloid • Tangles • Tau • Symptoms • Disorientation, mood changes, learning deficits, irritability, memory loss (short-term), depression, loss of inhibitions, sleep-wake cycle shifts

  7. Sleep Deprivation and Cognition • Alkadhi et al 2013 • Restoration of brain metabolism • Absence of sensory • Allow memory consolidation • Hippocampus • Humans and animals differ • Correlate to size and metabolic rate

  8. Sleep and the Hippocampus • Excitatory Synaptic Transmission • NMDA-R signalling • Overall hippocampal activity increases • Both pre- and post-learning

  9. Sleep Cycle • NREM • Hippocampus and cortex synchronization • Memory Connection • REM • Hippocampus and cortex disconnect • Local NMDA activity • Memory Integration

  10. Sleep Deprivation Models • Forced Activity • Gentle Handling • Head Lifting • Enlarged Environment • Modified Multiple Platform Technique

  11. Forced Activity

  12. Gentle Handling

  13. Head Lifting

  14. Enlarged Environment

  15. Modified Multiple Platform Technique

  16. Anxiety and Sleep Deprivation

  17. Short Term Memory-Water Maze

  18. Cognition Related Brain Signaling Molecules

  19. Counteracting Sleep Deprivation • Nicotine • Caffeine • Exercise

  20. Exercise and Alzheimer’s Disease • Hosseinzadeh et al 2013 • Homocysteine (Hcy) • Oxidative stressor • Derived from methionine • Lack of physical activity • Dorsal hippocampus • Measure TBARS and SOD

  21. Cognitive Benefits of Exercise • Hippocampal dentate gyrus • Glu increased • GABA decreased • NO release • Ach release

  22. Shuttle Box Test • Passive avoidance test • Test learning and cognitive function • Dark/Light chamber • Shock Administration • Measure time for avoidance

  23. ThiobarbituricAcid Reactive Substances (TBARS)

  24. Superoxide Dismutase (SOD)

  25. Exercise and Sleep Restriction • Zielinski et al 2013 • Anxiety and memory • Most studies severe • Chronic-moderate sleep deprivation • Sleep deprivation=Bad • Exercise=Good

  26. Elevated Plus Maze

  27. Morris Water Maze

  28. Hippocampal c-Fos Measure

  29. Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF)

  30. Take Home Messages • Exercise positively correlates with proper hippocampus function • Improve memory and learning • Sleep deprivation negatively correlates with proper hippocampus function • Decrease memory and learning • Exercise has anxiolytic effects but can be decreased by sleep deprevation

  31. Take Home Messages (cont.) • Exercise can reduce the effects of Alzheimer’s disease • Reduction of oxidative stress • Decrease SOD levels and increase TBARS levels • Learning and memory decreased from AD • Mirrored effects of Hcy in rat brain • Rescued by exercise

  32. Take Home Messages (cont.) • Effects of sleep deprivation can be rescued • Caffeine, nicotine, and exercise

  33. Take Home Messages (final)

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