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The Wireless Revolution

The Wireless Revolution. 1. Dr. Tal Lavian http://cs.berkeley.edu/~tlavian tlavian@cs.berkeley.edu UC Berkeley Engineering, CET. What is a technological revolution?. Historical period when dramatic socioeconomic change results from a technological evolution.

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The Wireless Revolution

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  1. The Wireless Revolution 1 Dr. Tal Lavian http://cs.berkeley.edu/~tlavian tlavian@cs.berkeley.edu UC Berkeley Engineering, CET

  2. What is a technological revolution? • Historical period when dramatic socioeconomic change results from a technological evolution.

  3. What is a technological revolution? • Historical period when dramatic socioeconomic change results from a technological evolution. • The Printing Press • Gutenberg, c. 1650 Started the Information Revolution

  4. What is a technological revolution? • Historical period when dramatic socioeconomic change results from a technological evolution. • The Spinning Jenny • Patented 1770 by James Hargreaves Started the Industrial Revolution

  5. The Computer: a Modern Technological Revolution? • Is it too early to declare this inventionrevolutionary? • The computer • Z1—Boolean logic; 1938 • Colossus—WWII decryption

  6. Effects of Computing • The Apollo astronauts carried slide rules to space • The Apollo computer had only 72KB of ROM • Can you name some example of how faster, massive computationabilities have affected the progress of science and technology since the 1950’s?

  7. The Internet: a Modern Technological Revolution? • Is it too early to declare this inventionrevolutionary? • The internet • ARPANET—1969 • TCP/IP—1974

  8. Effects of Internet • As of Dec 2013, only 39% of the world actually uses the internet. (77% in developed world, 16% in Africa) • And yet, it affects: • Business practices, Information availability, Privacy, • Communication, Socialization, Media • Can you name another medium that makes instant information, instant long-distance communication, and instant massive audience available to “the common man”?

  9. Wireless Revolution? • Are smartphones and wireless technologies a technological revolution? • How are Smartphones different fromcomputers, internet?

  10. The Wireless Revolution • A synergistic convergence of revolutions in: • Bandwidth • Cloud computing • Apps • Social networking • Size • Battery life • Computing efficiency • Screen • Result: MOBILITY • Why is mobility significant?

  11. Bandwidth • Current advancement: 10s of megabits per second • Almost free • Whenever, wherever • Significance: • Allows for off-phone computation and storage, via apps and cloud computing • Social networking (aka, more business opportunities)

  12. Cloud Computing • Cloud computing: delivers service to mobile devices or PCs • Computation • Softward applications • Data access • Data management • Storage resources • Service vs Product • Thus, mobile devices do notrequire high computing power and memory • Applications: E-Commerce, learning and healthcare Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_computinghttp://blogs.marketwatch.com/cody/2011/04/30/best-stocks-for-the-cloud-revolution/

  13. Apps • Siri • GPS and navigation • Adobe Photoshop • Statistical analysis • You Tube • User friendly, intuitive connection to the cloud

  14. Social Networking Connecting with family, friends—love and relationships Sharing content (photos, videos, web links, locations etc)—self expression User profile and likes—self definition Recommending (Yelp, amazon.com)—community service Commenting on and creating blogs, wikis, chats—expertise, community leadership Source: http://therecoveringpolitician.com/contributors/jyb3/john-ys-musings-from-the-middle-maslows-hierarchy-of-needs-and-wants

  15. Social Networking Connecting with family, friends—love and relationships Sharing content (photos, videos, web links, locations etc)—self expression User profile and likes—self definition Recommending (Yelp, amazon.com)—community service Commenting on and creating blogs, wikis, chats—expertise, community leadership

  16. Social Networking Connecting with family, friends—love and relationships Sharing content (photos, videos, web links, locations etc)—self expression User profile and likes—self definition Recommending (Yelp, amazon.com)—community service Commenting on and creating blogs, wikis, chats—expertise, community leadership • Powerful emotional connection to social networking • == • $$$$$

  17. Social Networking • Ads • Pay-per-click • Free advertizing: • Likes • Shares • Links • “donate”, “vote” buttons • Search engine optimization • Amazon, Ebay, Etsy • Political donations • Online petitions • Powerful emotional connection to social networking • == • $$$$$ • On phone, only possible due to high wireless bandwidth

  18. The Wireless Revolution • A synergistic convergence of revolutions in: • Bandwidth • Cloud computing • Apps • Social networking • Size • Battery life • Computing efficiency • Screen • Result: MOBILITY

  19. Size • Size is vital to mobility and usefulness: • Such size would not be possible without advances in touchscreen, computing, and battery technologies

  20. Screens: What was wrong with the old ones? • Remember dumb phones? 1 or 2 line screen • Sanyo phone with internet access: TFT screen, only navigable with buttons. • The old Palm Pilot screen:Resistive touch-screen • No multi-touch • No fingers • Low quality images

  21. The Modern HD Capacitive Touchscreen • High resolution • arguably the maximum perceivable amount of detail at a 1 foot distance (960×640, 78 micrometers per pixel) • Supports multi-touch • For humans, the hand is the most intuitive and satisfying tool

  22. Battery • Lithium ion polymer battery—flexible and compact • Li has high energy to weight ratio • Rechargeable • Electrolyte: polymer instead of liquid • higher energy density than normal lithium ion batteries • Electrodes and separators are laminated to each other •  thus, no need for rigid metal casing to press them together • no metal casing = lighter battery •  can be produced in a variety of shapes • ideal for thin phones • Future: nanowire batteries? printable zinc batteries?

  23. Computing • Apollo: 72 KB of ROM, weighed 70 lbs • Smartphone: 512 MB of DRAM and 32 GB “storage”, weighs 4 oz • That’s over 2 million–fold increase in efficiency System on a chip

  24. There’s even room for: • Camera and front camera • Three microphones • Gyroscope • Accelerometer • Magnetometer (aka compass) • Proximity sensor •  Surround sound

  25. In Summary: the Smartphone Revolution • In the last twenty years, we’ve observed a convergence of multiple rapidly-improving technologies, including: • Bandwidth, Computation, Silicon, Apps • Social networking, Battery life, Screen • The result is a technological revolution: • the wireless mobile device

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