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A Study of the Effect of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator on Team Effectiveness

A Study of the Effect of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator on Team Effectiveness. Tricia Varvel, M.S., Stephanie G. Adams, Ph.D. and Shelby J. Pridie, B.S. University of Nebraska-Lincoln. P. B. A. Monitoring. Pre-Assessment of Individuals and Teams on Attitudes About teaming.

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A Study of the Effect of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator on Team Effectiveness

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  1. A Study of the Effect of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator on Team Effectiveness Tricia Varvel, M.S., Stephanie G. Adams, Ph.D. and Shelby J. Pridie, B.S. University of Nebraska-Lincoln

  2. P B A Monitoring Pre-Assessment of Individuals and Teams on Attitudes About teaming Post-Assessment Continuous Effectiveness Task Outcomes Task Training before Task Training Rewarding Achievements 2003 ASEE Annual Conference Nashville, TN June 22-25

  3. References • Session 3242A Conceptual Model for the Development and Assessment of TeamsStephanie G. Adams, Ph.D., Laura C. Simon Vena, Bianey C. Ruiz-Ulloa & Fernando Pereira University of Nebraska-Lincoln • A Pilot Study of the Performance of Student Teams Stephanie G. Adams, Ph.D., Laura Carmen Simon Vena, M.S. and Bianey C. Ruiz-Ulloa, M.S. University of Nebraska, Lincoln 2003 ASEE Annual Conference Nashville, TN June 22-25

  4. Background • Individual characteristics of group members, as well as the diversity of skills and traits within a group, are important factors related to group effectiveness. Shaw • When a team fails, “problems are often blamed on ‘poor communications,’ an overly broad label for a range of personality differences that can create tensions and misunderstandings.” Culp and Smith • Most managers agree that people rarely fail due to a lack of knowledge, skills, or intelligence, but invariably fail because they are unsuitable in terms of temperament and motivation. Acuity Psychometrics 2003 ASEE Annual Conference Nashville, TN June 22-25

  5. Objective • This research study sought to test whether psychological type training had an effect on the effectiveness of a team. • Specific Research Question • Do team members perform better when given the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator and then educated with the required information on psychological type in a brief training session? 2003 ASEE Annual Conference Nashville, TN June 22-25

  6. Methodology and Analysis • A comparison was made by examining the performance of a set of teams that received MBTI training against those who did not. 2003 ASEE Annual Conference Nashville, TN June 22-25

  7. Sample • 200 senior design students • Enrolled in ~60 teams • Majors • Agricultural and Biological Systems, Chemical, Computer, Construction Management, Electrical, Industrial, and Mechanical Engineering 2003 ASEE Annual Conference Nashville, TN June 22-25

  8. Data Collection • Data was collected at two points during the semester • During the first two weeks of class- MBTI • During the last three weeks of the semester -Team Effectiveness Questionnaire (TEQ) 2003 ASEE Annual Conference Nashville, TN June 22-25

  9. MBTI • Designed by Isabel Myers-Briggs and Katherine Briggs to provide an economical summary of central aspects of personality, one which increases self-understanding and implies certain ways of behaving more than others.Rayne 2003 ASEE Annual Conference Nashville, TN June 22-25

  10. 4 Dimensions • Extroversion/Introversion • Source of energy, either from the outside world of people or from the inside world of thoughts and ideas • Sensing/Intuition • Preference for the details of a situation or the overall picture of an experience. • Thinking/Feeling • Indicates the way people make their decisions. • Judging/Perceiving • addresses the way that people prefer to organize their world. 2003 ASEE Annual Conference Nashville, TN June 22-25

  11. MBTI in a team • helps to overcome team performance obstacles by encouraging team members to better understand each other. • demonstrates the value of having diverse styles on the team,” and • reduce stress levels by helping the team understand which situations will energize an individual and which will stress an individual Culp and Smith 2003 ASEE Annual Conference Nashville, TN June 22-25

  12. Training • Certified MBTI facilitator scored the tests • Approximately half of the students received one hour of training (N=95) • Content of training • an explanation of the different type preferences • how people with a given type preference are likely to react to a certain situation • aggravations of opposite type preferences, and the strengths and • weaknesses that each type preference brings to the teaming environment. 2003 ASEE Annual Conference Nashville, TN June 22-25

  13. TEQ - Team Effectiveness Questionnaire • Self-report measure of performance and attitude • Comprised of seven characteristics • Common Purpose • Goal Clarification • Role Clarity • Psychological Safety • Mature Communication • Productive Conflict Resolution and • Accountable Interdependence 2003 ASEE Annual Conference Nashville, TN June 22-25

  14. TEQ • Divided into two sections • demographic data and information on individual preferences regarding teaming and previous team experiences. • a measure of student’s ability to effectively work in teams and to measure their understanding of each of the characteristics. 2003 ASEE Annual Conference Nashville, TN June 22-25

  15. Measuring Performance • The grade that the teams received in their senior design classes. • The second measure of performance was generated from the responses to the TEQ questions that dealt specifically with performance. • The average level of performance was obtained by averaging all of the team member’s answers to the performance related questions. 2003 ASEE Annual Conference Nashville, TN June 22-25

  16. Results • MBTI completed by193 senior design students • most commonly present type the (ISTJ) introversion, sensing, thinking, and judging preferences • TEQ by completed188 2003 ASEE Annual Conference Nashville, TN June 22-25

  17. 2003 ASEE Annual Conference Nashville, TN June 22-25

  18. Team training on psychological type can have a significant affect on team effectiveness and performance. Particularly, this research found that team training associated with the Myers-Briggs test was very helpful. This research did not conclude that there is a particular combination of team preferences that perform better. Conclusions 2003 ASEE Annual Conference Nashville, TN June 22-25

  19. Final Thought • The psychological type profiles of the team alone cannot predict the level of a team’s performance or effectiveness. • The greatest gift that the MBTI gives individuals is the increased understanding of both themselves and others. 2003 ASEE Annual Conference Nashville, TN June 22-25

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