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Globalisation & Sustainability

INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS. Tavasi Epiteszeti Fesztival CRISIS?. Globalisation & Sustainability. Budapest 05 March 2010. Gaëtan Siew UIA Imm P President. INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS. The World : Three attitudes. Why ?. Why? Awareness Economic reasons Survival.

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Globalisation & Sustainability

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  1. INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS Tavasi Epiteszeti Fesztival CRISIS? Globalisation & Sustainability Budapest 05 March 2010 Gaëtan Siew UIA Imm P President

  2. INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS The World : Three attitudes Why ? • Why? • Awareness • Economic reasons • Survival Sustainable development?

  3. INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS The World : Three attitudes Awareness 5,7°C Impossible 4°C Divergence 3°C Status quo. Too ambitous 2°C Could be better. 1°C Possible Copenhagen, Denmark 300 000 people COP 15

  4. INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS The World : Three attitudes Economic reasons • KYOTO • Right to emit • Joint implementation • Clean development mechanism • 1 Hectare of coral reef • = • 80 000 to 1 million US$/year revenue • in leisure and tourism • = • 25 000 to 34 000 US$ for protection Bonaire, Netherland Antilles • N Stern report • It’s not too late • Climate change has serious impacts over growth & development • Stabilising costs are manageable • Delay can be more costly and dangerous • Action must be global – from all countries

  5. INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS The World : Three attitudes Survival NIMBY? • N ot • I n • M y • B ack • Y ard • 2010 25 m • 2050 250 m Climate refugees Bangladesh • China • 30% of health costs from environmental diseases

  6. INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS Innovative or Inno –native ? Sustainable by Design • Inno - Native • Efficient • Clean • Affordable • Sexy • Big v/s Small? • Developed v/s Developing • Globalistaion • Technology • Technology is not all • Design • Awareness • Change in behaviour • Consumption habits • Production habits Borneo Use less – Do more

  7. INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS The World : Contrasting Territories An Urban World • GUP b € • Tokyo 1 191 • New York 1 133 • Los Angeles 639 • Paris 460 • Chicago 460 • Londres 452 • Osaka-Kobe 341 • Mexico 315 • Philadelphia 312 • Washington 299 • Population m • Tokyo 35.2 • Mexico 19.2 • New York 18.7 • Sao Paulo 18.3 • Bombay 18.2 • Delhi 15.0 • Shanghai 14.5 • Calcutta 14.3 • Jakarta 13.2 • Buenos Aires 12.5 Sao Paulo, Brazil • The world • 2007 : > 50% urban population • Monster or sustainable cities ?

  8. INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS The World : Contrasting Territories A Mobile World Nomades , Mali • 3 % The world Population – 2005 • 2020 : 15% of EU population from Africa • Delocalisation v/s immigration Hanoi, Vietnam

  9. INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS The World : Contrasting Territories Rich / Poor Jodhpur, India • 2,8 billions poor in 2008 • Inequalities • North- South

  10. INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS The World : Contrasting Territories Young / Old Global illnesses • 90 % of 15-25 y old • in developing countries • in 2025 Chatting Hangzhou Chatting New York • Young and poor • Old and rich • India: 140 m old and poor • North : Diabetes – Heart • South: Aids - Malaria

  11. INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS The World : Contrasting Territories Knowledge Competition • Tertiary Education • Competing cities • Braindrain

  12. INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS The World : Contrasting Territories Digital Fracture • 6,5 billions population • 5,2 billions mobiles • 4,5 billions radios • 3,5 billions tv • 1,6 billion computers • Facebook 423 m • 3rd most populated country • NBIC : Nano – Bio – IT – Cognitive Science

  13. INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS World Regionalisation Diversity Regionalisation Refuge Blocks: Sovereignty – Free Trade

  14. INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS World Regionalisation Europe in construction Strasbourg EU Parliament • Power by standards • Security • Human rights • Environment • Good Governance

  15. INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS World Regionalisation New Asia • CHINA • 1 m² out of 2 m² in the world • 1 billion m² / year • 2008: 46 % urban population • 118 cities of 1 million + • 246 new cities since 1990 Shanghai , China Asia looking further East - APEC

  16. INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS World Regionalisation African Recomposition Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso Africa : Looking East : China, India, Middle East Looking South: Brazil 62% of urban population are in slums

  17. INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS World Regionalisation Americas Hispanisation Bogota, Colombie One continent – One language ? South recomposition

  18. INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS Global Players : Networks Power Multinationals World Finance Civil Society NGOs • Global Entreprises • Exxon – BP – Toyota - Nokia • Vectors of norms • Emerging nations • BRIC • 2008 : FDI 65 000 billions US$

  19. INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS Global Players : Networks Power Integrate diversity Religion politics • Identity v/s Globalisation • Territories • Fusion • Transnational

  20. INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS Global Players : Networks Power Individual and Culture • 6700 Languages in the world • Universality of essential values • Diversity of cultural expressions

  21. INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS Global Players : Networks Power Individual and Culture Machu Pichu, Peru • 2008 :World Heritage and Sites • Cultural Exception – UNESCO v/s WTO

  22. INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS Global Players : Networks Power Plural NGOs • Sensitivity and Representation • OXFAM : 120 countries – 3000 partners • Greenpeace: 2,9 m members • WWF: 97 countries – 4,7 m members • Amnesty Int’l : 150 countries – 2,2 members • UIA: 125 countries – 1,5 m architects • Sensitivity and Representation • 2008: 3187 au UN - ECOSOC Fez , Morocco

  23. INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS Global Players : Networks Power Technology power Global Medias Valencia, Spain • Real time information • CNN – Al Jazeera – France 24 ?

  24. INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS Our Future: Global Governance and Civil Societies • Nations buying land overseas especially for agriculture • Saudi Arabia in Tchad • S Korea in Ethiopia Produce and/or Eat • 2007: 923 millions hungry • Obesity and Famine

  25. INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS Our Future: Global Governance and Civil Societies Renewable energies • Transport almost solely dependent on petrol (air and sea) • Consumption stabilised in Europe and Japan • Still increasing in USA, India and Brazil • Exploded in China • Fossil energy dependency • Energy use

  26. INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS Our Future: Global Governance and Civil Societies Environment Degradation • Access to water and desalination • 1,5 b – No access to potable water • 9 countries = 60 % water world reserve

  27. INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS Our Future: Global Governance and Civil Societies Climate Challenges • CO2 Emissions tons/person • Qatar 48.3 • Bahrein 27.0 • Emirates 25.9 • Koweit 25.7 • Luxembourg 23.6 • Carbon emissions • Kyoto Protocol

  28. INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS Our Future: Global Governance and Civil Societies World Trade Regulation • WTO : 2008 - 153 member states • USA + EU = 40% of World Trade Fair Trade?

  29. INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS Our Future: Global Governance and Civil Societies World Governance United Nations • United Nations • Global issues – Global solutions • Protection of Collective Assets

  30. INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS Future Lessons • Survival? • Respect ourselves • Value time • Empathy • Resilience • Creativity • Ubiquity • Think out of • the box New political vision to embrace all aspects of the profession • Work • Science & Technology • Culture • Environment Stability – Water finds its own level • When wealth and world assets are shared • Forced or natural • Depending on our desire of solidarity 危机 Globalisation/Crisis = Danger + Opportunity

  31. INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS Shi Shei Gratias Obrigado Merci Spasiba Thank you Shoukran Gaëtan Siew Imm P President

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