Warmup pt. 1

1. Warmuppt. 1 Read and summarize. Share your summary with a partner and compare your results. While Cyanobacteria have been traditionally included among the Algae, recent works usually exclude them due to large differences such as the lack of membrane-bound organelles, the presence of a single circular chromosome, the presence of peptidoglycan in the cell walls, and ribosomes different in size and content from those of the Eukaryotes. Rather than in chloroplasts, they conduct photosynthesis on specialized infolded cytoplasmic membranes called thylakoid membranes. Therefore, they differ significantly from the Algae despite occupying similar ecological niches.

2. Warmup pt. 2 Continue to read and summarize. Share your summary with a partner and compare your results. By modern definitions Algae are Eukaryotes and conduct photosynthesis within membrane-bound organelles called chloroplasts. Chloroplasts contain circular DNA and are similar in structure to Cyanobacteria, presumably representing reduced cyanobacterialendosymbionts. The exact nature of the chloroplasts is different among the different lines of Algae, reflecting different endosymbiotic events. The table below describes the composition of the three major groups of Algae. Their lineage relationships are shown in the figure in the upper right. Many of these groups contain some members that are no longer photosynthetic. Some retain plastids, but not chloroplasts, while others have lost plastids entirely. Considering form and function, what is an evolutionary explanation for the origin of chloroplasts? What might you infer about other organelles such as mitochondria?

3. Warmup Day 2 Create a branching tree diagram for the domains and kingdoms you know about. Add descriptions including major features of each.

4. Warmup Day 2 For each story title, try to identify which protist species you have read about would be the main character. • A Giant Predator in their Midst • A Sparkley Day in the Herd • Colonies: Slime is Good, Poo is Bad. • Super Farmer • Race to Nowhere • The Werewolves of the Puddle Behind the House

5. FEBRUARY 10TH, 2010 Domain: EukaryotesKingdom: Protists

6. Eukaryote Kingdoms Animalia – Consumers, usually multicellular, no cell wall, uses cytoskeleton instead, usually able to move. Plantae – Producers, cell wall, chloroplasts, only one big vacuole, reproduce w/ spores, seeds, or by budding. Fungi – Consumers/decomposers, cell wall, reproduce w/ spores or by budding, arranged in multi-nuclear threads called hyphae. Protists – Everything else. Has characteristics of all 3 other kingdoms. Usually unicellular although sometimes colonial. Examples: Amoeba, Paramecium, Pink Slime Mold, Euglena, Giardia, Diatoms, Dinoflagellates,

7. Goal Learn about some of the protist species, and write a story depicting life at the microscopic level. Ex: “Jungle Cats of the Microscopic World” It was quiet in the vast expanse of the water droplet. Too quiet. Perhaps that was because the forests of docile Euglanoids had no way to make sound. Or perhaps it was because there were predators in their midst. In any case the little green Euglanoids were swimming diligently toward the light, occasionally budding off a new baby cell, and grazing on their daily sunlight. They were joined by some red algae colonies, individual green algae, and multicellular brown algae. And from underneath the herd, a dangerous amoeba pulsed forward on its powerful psuedopods, about to attack….

8. Grading The grade is based on including factually accurate information on each species in your story. 4 – Nearly all main features and roles of the 6 protist species are included in the story. It has use-it and not define-it sentences, is easy to read, and has a plot. 3 – At least one main feature and one role of all 6 species are included. It has use-it and not define-it sentences, is easy to read, and has a plot. 2 – Most of the 6 species have a role and a feature, and the writing sometimes makes this clear. The plot is sporadic. 1 – The story has some information about protists, but has numerous errors and is missing main ideas. The plot or the writing make it hard to understand.