May 17, 2012 Lesson 13.5

2. May 17, 2012 Lesson 13.5 Aim: How do recognize and name organic compounds containing functional groups?

3. 1. Halides Halides are compounds where one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by halogen atoms.

4. 2. Alcohols Alcohols contain the functional group OH attached to carbon. Alcohols are named by adding the suffix ol to the parent hydrocarbon. Example:

5. 3. Aldehydes and Ketones Aldehydes and Ketones both contain the functional group Aldehydes are named by adding the suffix al to the parent hydrocarbon. Ketones are named by adding the suffix one to the parent hydrocarbon.

6. Examples of aldehydes and ketones Methanal Propanone

7. 4. Ethers Ethers have the general formula R1 - O - R2 the carbon atoms are in an oxygen sandwich. Examples: C2H5 - O - C2H5 is named diethyl ether. Can you name this ether? : CH3 - O - C3H7

8. 5. Organic Acids Organic Acids contain the functional group which is also expressed as COOH. Organic acids are named by adding the ending oic to parent hydrocarbon followed by the word acid.

9. Example of Organic Acid

10. 6. Esters Ethyl ethanoate methy propanoate

11. 7. Organic Nitrogen compounds Amines contain a nitrogen atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms. To name an amine, add the ending amine to the parent hydrocarbon name. propylamine

12. Amides butanamide