What are the key issues and events that led to the Civil War? Selection of Lincoln & Secession

1. What are the key issues and events that led to the Civil War?Selection of Lincoln & Secession Kansas-Nebraska Act Dred Scott Case Election of 1860 Debate over the Secession in Georgia Role of Alexander Stephens Slavery States’ Rights Nullification Missouri Compromise Compromise of 1850 Georgia Platform

3. Selection of Lincoln

4. Division Continues... NORTH SOUTH Reconciliation Is Doubtful!

5. Rise of the Republican Party • Grew quickly • Antislavery Whigs and Democrats became members

6. Election of 1860 Democrats Couldn’t Agree on a Platform... Northern Democrats: *Wanted popular sovereignty *Supported of Stephen A. Douglas Southern Democrats: *Believed slavery should be allowed in all the territories *Nominated Vice President John Breckenridge

7. Whigs • Supported the Union • Named John Bell of Tennessee as their presidential candidate.

8. Republicans • Against Slavery (Said it would not try to end slavery in the slave states) • Supported a protective tariff • Proposed a plan to give free western land to settlers • Called for the construction of the transcontinental railroad with one end in the North. • NONE OF WHICH WOULD BENEFIT THE SOUTH!!!

9. The Election of 1860

10. ____________ Party formed in early 1850’s opposed slavery nominated Abraham Lincoln ____________ Party split . . . 1- Northerners nominated Senator Stephen Douglas (IL) 2 - Southerners nominated John Beckinridge (KY) 3-Whigs nominated John Bell (TN) The Election of 1860

11. The Election Was a Revolution in Politics! • For the first time, a party getting votes from only one section of the nation won the election. • Abraham Lincoln received a MINORITY of the votes cast. • He won without receiving a single electoral vote in the South.

13. Abraham Lincoln Becomes the President of the Union

14. Secession

15. South Carolina Secedes First... • South Carolina had repeatedly promised that they would secede if Abraham Lincoln was elected President. • On December 20, 1860, South Carolina did just that – they left the Union. • Extremists in every other southern state were loudly yelling for their states to follow South Carolina’s lead.

16. Georgia’s Road to Secession 1) When South Carolina seceded from the Union, Georgia Governor Joseph Brown favored joining right away. 4) Georgia left the Union in January 1861. 3) 297 Delegates voted; 208 voted in favor of secession. 2) Alexander Stephens, a respected Georgia statesman, disagreed. He told Georgians that Lincoln was not the South’s enemy and warned that economic ruin could occur if Georgia seceded.

17. On January 19, 1861, Georgia was declared an independent republic with the following words...“The people of Georgia, having dissolved their political connection with the Government of the United States of America, present to their confederates and the world, the causes which have led to the separation.”

18. Confederate States of America Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas Also Seceded.

19. Jefferson Davis Elected President of the Confederacy Alexander Stephens Elected Vice President of the Confederacy (Georgian who argued passionately against secession)

20. The economy of the South depended largely on – • slave labor b. new inventions c. manufacturing • What did Southerners want to get rid of in the nullification controversy? • tariff on Northern goods b. tariff on European goods • Southerners belief that states should have higher authority than the federal government was called – • Confederate rights b. States’ rights c. National rights Let’s Review . . .

21. Under this compromise, if a slave state was added to the Union, a free state or territory must also be added – • Missouri Compromise b. Compromise of 1850 c. Kansas-Nebraska Act • The Fugitive Slave Act was added to this compromise to please Southern states – • Missouri Compromise b. Compromise of 1850 c. Kansas-Nebraska Act • This law allowed ‘popular sovereignty’ in several US territories – • Missouri Compromise b. Compromise of 1850 c. Kansas-Nebraska Act • Abraham Lincoln was elected president in 1860. He was a a. Democrat b. Republican c. Independent

22. Who Said That – A Northerner or Southerner?

23. “The Missouri Compromise is okay with me. I just want to make sure Missouri is allowed to have slaves, that’s all.”

24. “Let’s put a line at latitude 36°30´. That should put a limit on more slave states.”

25. “What in the world is going on with that Compromise of 1850? If California comes in as a free state, there had better be a slave state admitted, too!”

26. “The Fugitive Slave Act may upset abolitionists, but it’s needed to help calm down the Southerners after the Compromise of 1850.”

27. “We Georgians will secede from the Union if the North doesn’t follow through with its promises.”

28. The North was becoming an economy based on – farming b. industry c. Music The Southern economy was based on- agriculture b. industry c. politics A tariff on imported goods made them- less b. more c. more expensive scarce expensive Many southerners did not want to pay the tariff so they decided to- ignore b. nullify c. trash State’s rights advocates gave final authority to- states b. federal c. Congress More...

29. Match the Legislation with its Description . . . ____ Missouri Compromise ____ Compromise of 1850 ____ Georgia Platform • State will remain in the Union if the North complies with the Compromise of 1850. • When a free state is admitted to the Union, a slave state must be admitted to keep a balance. • California admitted as a free state: New Mexico and Utah organized as territories.