1 / 33

A Systematic Evaluation of Sisyrinchium hitchcockii

A Systematic Evaluation of Sisyrinchium hitchcockii. Matt Groberg OSU and ODA Stephen Meyers, Dr. Robert Meinke (Advisors). S. hitchcockii. S. bellum. S. idahoense. Conservation Status. BLM: Soggy Bottom Site. S. hitchcockii. A Brief Taxonomic History:.

suzy
Download Presentation

A Systematic Evaluation of Sisyrinchium hitchcockii

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. A Systematic Evaluation ofSisyrinchiumhitchcockii Matt Groberg OSU and ODA Stephen Meyers, Dr. Robert Meinke (Advisors) S. hitchcockii S. bellum S. idahoense

  2. Conservation Status

  3. BLM: Soggy Bottom Site S. hitchcockii

  4. A Brief Taxonomic History: • Hitchcock and Cronquist (1973) group S. hitchcockii, along with closely related species, into one species: Sisyrinchiumangustifolium. • Henderson (1976) divided groups of plants synonymous with S. angustifolium into eight different species including S. bellum, S. idahoense, and S. hitchcockii. • Previous taxonomic studies based on dried plants. • Characters in the flowers of Sisyrinchium are not well preserved in herbarium specimens.

  5. Henderson explains that S. hitchcockii is morphologically • unique in that it has: • A short creeping rhizome • The largest flowers ( tepals up to 20 mm long) • The widest stems and leaves ( >3mm) Tepal Stem Leaf Rhizome

  6. Definitions of a Species • A member of a species can produce fertile offspring with another member of that species. • However, plants often self fertilize or hybridize with closely related species and produce fertile offspring. • A group of organisms that are morphologically, cytologically, genetically, and distributionally very similar. • The species is on its own evolutionary track.

  7. Speciation • Allopatric Speciation: new species are formed when a geographic or ecological barrier between two populations prevents gene flow over a long period of time. • Sympatric Speciation: new species are formed when internal barriers, such as polyploidy, reduce or prevent gene flow between the new species and the preserved species.

  8. Polyploidy

  9. Distribution S. hitchcockii S. bellum S. idahoense

  10. Chromosome Counts (Henderson 1976) • S. hitchcockii: n = 32 • S. bellum: n = 16 • S. idahoense: n = 32 or 48 • Suggests Polyploidy present in all three

  11. Self Compatibility (Henderson1976)

  12. Cross Compatibility (Henderson1976)

  13. Question and Hypotheses Q: Is S. hitchcockii a true species? H0: S. hitchcockii is a larger version of S. bellumdue to polyploidy, but is not genetically unique and therefore a not true species. H1: S. hitchcockiiis morphologically, cytologically, and genetically unique and therefore a true species.

  14. Objectives • Compare the morphology of S. bellum and S. idahoense to S. hitchcockii from fresh specimens and herbarium specimens to determine if there are differences not preserved in herbarium specimens.

  15. Objectives • Compare the morphology of S. bellum and S. idahoense to S. hitchcockii from fresh specimens and herbarium specimens to determine if there are differences not preserved in herbarium specimens. • Confirm that there is polyploidy in chromosome numbers between all three species.

  16. Objectives • Compare the morphology of S. bellum and S. idahoenseto S. hitchcockii from fresh specimens and herbarium specimens to determine if there are differences not preserved in herbarium specimens. • Confirm that there is polyploidy in chromosome numbers between all three species. • Analyze genetic information from all three species to determine if S. hitchcockii is unique and to suggest a possible phylogenetic tree.

  17. Objectives • Compare the morphology of S. bellum and S. idahoenseto S. hitchcockii from fresh specimens and herbarium specimens to determine if there are differences not preserved in herbarium specimens. • Confirm that there is polyploidy in chromosome numbers between all three species. • Analyze genetic information from all three species to determine if S. hitchcockiiis unique and to suggest a possible phylogenetic tree. • Determine if S. hitchcockii is a true species that should be monitored.

  18. Objectives • Compare the morphology of S. bellum and S. idahoenseto S. hitchcockii from fresh specimens and herbarium specimens to determine if there are differences not preserved in herbarium specimens. • Confirm that there is polyploidy in chromosome numbers between all three species. • Analyze genetic information from all three species to determine if S. hitchcockiiis unique and to suggest a possible phylogenetic tree. • Determine if S. hitchcockii is a true species that should be monitored. • Develop a key for identification in the field.

  19. Materials and Methods • Morphology: key traits were measured in each species and then statistically compared using morphometric analysis.

  20. Materials and Methods • Morphology: key traits were measured in each species and then statistically evaluated using morphometric analysis. • Cytology: cytometry from crushed leaves was made with Partec GmbH ploidy analyzer ( at OSU seed lab.)

  21. Materials and Methods • Morphology: key traits were measured in each species and then statistically compared using morphometric analysis. • Cytology: cytometry from crushed leaves was made with Partec GmbH ploidy analyzer ( at OSU seed lab.) • Genetics: DNA was extracted from the leaves. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify nuclear non-coding DNA (nrITS) and chloroplast DNA (matK). Phylogenetic tree was created using Bayesian inference.

  22. Polymerase Chain Reaction

  23. Reason for Using Non-Coding DNA Coding DNA Non-Coding DNA

  24. Results and Discussion

  25. Morphology Outer tepals Fused filaments Yelloweye • S. bellum • Outer tepals: l:w ratio <2.5; • length <13mm long; egg shaped, • wider at the top; topside glossy and • underside lighter than topside. • Yellow eye: yellow eye robust. • Filaments: yellow to purple and • < 6mm long. • S. Idahoense • Outer tepals: l:w ratio >2.5, usually • >13mm and up to 20mm in some varieties; oblong to slightly wider at • the top. • Yellow eye: yellow eye present. • Filaments: yellow-tan to tan-purple and < 6mm long. • S. hitchcockii • Outer tepals: l:w ratio >2.5; length usually >15mm and up to 20mm; elliptic and slightly wider at the top • Yellow eye: yellow eye small if present. • Filaments: dark purple and >6mm long.

  26. Cytology • Chromosome counts: • S. hitchcockii: n = 32 • S. bellum: n = 16 • S. idahoense: n = 64

  27. Conclusion S. hitchcockii is unique:

  28. Conclusion S. hitchcockii is unique: Morphologically

  29. Conclusion S. hitchcockii is unique: Morphologically Cytologically

  30. Conclusion S. hitchcockii is unique: Morphologically Cytologically Genetically

  31. Acknowledgements • Stephen Meyers • Kelly Amsberry • OSU and UC herbaria • Dr. Robert Meinke • Rebecca Currin • Dr. Kevin Ahern & HHMI • Dr. Lynda Ciufetti • Dr. Lisa Karst • Jaworski Scholarship

More Related