An Inconspicuous Nevus Is Likely To Evolve Into A Malignant Tumor: Melanoma

1. Biochempeg https://www.biochempeg.com An Inconspicuous Nevus Is Likely To Evolve Into A Malignant Tumor: Melanoma Melanoma, also known as malignant melanoma, is a type of skin cancer that develops from the pigment-producing cells known as melanocytes. Melanoma is a malignant change of pigmented nevus, which is developed from borderline nevus or mixed nevus. Chronic irritation and inappropriate treatment are strongly associated with the transformation of moles into melanoma, although not necessarily malignant. Melanoma is highly malignant and occurs mostly in the skin, but also in different parts or tissues such as mucous membrane (including visceral mucosa), ocular uveium, pia meninges, etc. In China, it tends to occur in the extremity skin (plantar, toe and end of finger, etc.) and mucous membrane (nasal cavity, oropharynx, and digestive tract, etc.).

2. Biochempeg https://www.biochempeg.com Although the incidence and mortality of melanoma are not so high, it is increasing year by year at a rate of 6% to 7%. According to the report of the American Society Of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), it has become one of the fastest-increasing tumors. Especially in China, the incidence of melanoma is increasing rapidly. In August 2018, it was learned from the Melanoma Expert Committee of Peking University Cancer Hospital and the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO) that the detection rate of melanoma in China has increased, with new occurrences about 20,000 cases every year. The mortality rate is also rising rapidly year by year. Melanoma may occur in all age groups, and it is more common in the 50-55 age group, with a male to female ratio of 1.21:1. Those with fair complexion, multiple nevus (>50) or dysplastic nevus, history of severe sunburn, family history of melanoma should be more vigilant, they are more likely to develop melanoma. Causes Melanomas are usually caused by DNA damage resulting from exposure to ultraviolet light from the sun. It may be the basic cause of melanoma formation.Normally, skin cells develop in an orderly and controlled manner, with healthy new cells pushing old cells towards the surface of the skin, causing them to die and eventually shed. When DNA damage occurs in some cells, new cells may start to get out of control and eventually form a large number of cancer cells.However, the exact cause of skin cell DNA damage and the mechanism of melanoma are still unclear. Various factors such as environment and genetics may also plays a role. Melanoma can also occur in skin areas with little sun exposure (i.e. mouth, soles of feet, palms of hands, genital areas). People with dysplastic nevus syndrome, also known as familial atypical multiple mole melanoma (FAMMM), are at increased risk for the development of melanoma. The one who having more than 50 moles indicates an increased risk melanoma might arise. A weakened immune system makes it easier for cancer to arise due to the body's weakened ability to fight cancer cells. Types 1. According to the etiology and genetic background, melanoma can be divided into four basic types: acral type, mucosal type, chronic sun damage type (CSD), and non-chronic sun damage type (non-CSD, including unknown primary lesion type). Among them, acral type and mucosal type are the main subtypes of melanoma in China. 2. According to pathological manifestations, melanoma can be classified as: nevoid, nodular, malignant freckle, superficial diffuse, acral freckle, connective tissue proliferation type, melanoma derived from giant congenital nevus, and melanoma derived from blue

3. Biochempeg https://www.biochempeg.com nevus. 3. According to the stage of development of melanoma, it can be classified as below four stages. Stage 0, carcinoma in situ, the tumor cells are still confined in the skin or mucosa without infiltration and distant metastasis Stage I~II, limited non-metastatic melanoma Stage III, regional metastatic melanoma Stage IV, distant metastatic melanoma. The earlier the stage, the more likely to cure; The later the stage, the more difficult the treatment, the worse the prognosis. Therapies The treatment of melanoma involves multiple methods and disciplines. Therefore, the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma should pay attention to the model of multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment, so as to avoid the limitations of single disciplinary treatment. The selection of a reasonable treatment method needs to be supported by high-level evidence-based evidence, but it also needs to consider the differences of regional and economic. In general, multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment includes surgery, adjuvant systemic therapy, molecular targeted therapy, radiotherapy, multi-strategy combination therapy in late stage and treatment of special parts. In practical applications, doctors will make treatment plans according to the local medical level, the patient's own characteristics, the accompanying diseases and the economic situation. Biochempeg, a professional PEG derivatives supplier supplies PEG linkers, monodisperse PEG, Click Chemistry reagents, PEGylation services and custom PEG derivative synthesis to clients worldwide. It offers a selection of PEG derivatives for cancer research including melanoma research, breast cancer research, diabetes research and so on.