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Harvesting energy

Harvesting energy. Genes and Development Biology 122. Substrate level phosphorylation. Glycolysis.

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Harvesting energy

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  1. Harvesting energy Genes and Development Biology 122

  2. Substrate level phosphorylation

  3. Glycolysis • The overall energy balance for glycolysis is as follows:Priming -2 ATP [use to add phosphates]Harvest +4 ATP [get from phosphates] +2 NADH__________________________________Net +2 ATP +2 NADH

  4. Oxidation of pyruvate • Acetyl-CoA has a central role in metabolism • Not only are sugars broken down to acetyl-CoA, but fats are also broken down to it. In addition, some amino acids in proteins also get broken down into acetyl-CoA • Acetyl-CoA is also used to make fats and some amino acids

  5. The Citric acid cycle • Energy summary: The complete oxidation of each acetyl-CoA yields • one GTP (equivalent to one ATP) • 3 NADHs • one FADH2 • two CO2 molecules are released

  6. ATP synthase tutorial (Marcey site)

  7. ATP synthase animation

  8. Without oxygen Pyruvate With oxygen H2O CO2 NAD+ O2 NADH NADH Acetaldehyde ETC in mitochondria NADH NAD+ Acetyl-CoA NAD+ Lactate Krebs Cycle Ethanol

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