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ECD improves schooling success!

ICMEC Seminar: London Role of Private Market in Early Childhood Development in Africa: Who Provides? Marito Garcia, PhD World Bank, Washington DC Overseas Development Institute London, June 2, 2008. ECD improves schooling success!. Children before 6: Africa’s Future,and Challenge.

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ECD improves schooling success!

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  1. ICMEC Seminar: London Role of Private Market in Early Childhood Development in Africa: Who Provides?Marito Garcia, PhDWorld Bank, Washington DCOverseas Development InstituteLondon, June 2, 2008

  2. ECD improves schooling success!

  3. Children before 6: Africa’s Future,and Challenge

  4. Window of Opportunity - ECD Language Sensing Pathways Higher Cognitive Function (vision, hearing) 9 -3 3 1 0 6 4 8 12 16 -6 Months Years Conception AGE C. Nelson, in From Neurons to Neighborhoods, 2000

  5. ECD Reduces Grade Repetition Rates in Africa !

  6. African ECD Participation Increased the Fastest, But Rates Far Below the Rest of the World

  7. Public funding of ECD • Sweden > 80% • UK > 80% • France > 80% • US 60% • South Africa 40% • Indonesia 5% • Lesotho 5% • Kenya 2% • Uganda 1% Source: UNESCO 2006

  8. Who provides ECD Services in Africa? In general, the public sector does not provide for ECD services in Africa. ECD is primarily the responsibility of parents! Thus, ECD funding and service delivery in the hands of: ----Communities ----Parents associations ----Private sector ----International, National NGOs ----Religious organizations, church, mosques

  9. Emerging trends in ECD service provision in Africa • Kenya • NACECE, DICECE, Bernard van Leer Foundation • Aga Khan Foundation • South Africa • Grade R • New national ECD programme with employment creation for females • Lesotho • Grade R, with funding from WB • Eritrea • Integrated ECD with 5 ministries • Lagos (Nigeria) • Private sector led

  10. ORPHANS: Current response is grossly inadequate relative to the scale of the problem !Uganda (2004): 80,000 or 5% of the 1.6 million orphans are reached by 280 small to large NGOs, community organizations, faith-based groups, and government The rest are cared by extended families or are completely abandoned.

  11. Emerging Trends from Education for ALL-Fast Track Initiative • ECD is a strategy to accomplish universal primary school completion • ECD positively affects flow of students into primary—preparation, learning, readiness

  12. Fast Track Initiative Countries with Catalytic Funds Benin Burkina F. Cameroon CARepublics Ethiopia The Gambia Ghana Guinea Kenya Lesotho Chad Malawi Uganda Burundi Madagascar Mali Mauritania Mozambique Niger Rwanda St. Tome & Prin Senegal Sierra Leone Yemen Approved Pipeline

  13. How could the Private Sector be Involved? Experiences outside Africa • financier • Colombia’s ICBF – 3% payroll tax pay • pilot programs filling gaps in coverage, e.g. Bernard van Leer, Aga Khan, Soros - Open Society • Public –Private Partnership – Brazil’s Millennium ECD Fund (b) cofinancing and provider of innovative services provider, Dominican Republic’s competitive fund for education innovation

  14. Reaching MDG Education Goal Through ECD: Financing Targets for Africa • Percent ECD Funding to Total Education Budgets to Increase • From current 1% to 5% of Education Budgets

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