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The Age of Absolutism

1550-1800. The Age of Absolutism. Focusing Points. Political and Social Systems: What changed and who benefited from this change? How is the past similar to the present? Economic Systems: How did change in economic policy affect monarchies?. The Spanish monarchies . Spanish Power.

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The Age of Absolutism

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  1. 1550-1800 The Age of Absolutism

  2. Focusing Points • Political and Social Systems: • What changed and who benefited from this change? • How is the past similar to the present? • Economic Systems: • How did change in economic policy affect monarchies?

  3. The Spanish monarchies

  4. Spanish Power • Charles V • Grandson of King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella inherited a large empire* • Spain • Holy Roman Empire • Netherlands • Austrian Hapsburgs

  5. Spanish Power • Charles V’s Challenges* • Fought to suppress the Protestant Reformation • Ottoman Empire • Controlled much of Hungary and increased their strong naval power, thus challenging the Spanish for control of the Mediterranean

  6. Empire Divided • 1556* • Charles gives up his empire to his brother Ferdinand and son Philip • Ferdinand received Hapsburg and became the Holy Roman Emperor • Philip received Spain and Netherlands as well as all lands overseas

  7. Philip II • Philip II as a King • Goals: expand Spanish influence, strengthen Catholic Church, and make his power absolute. • Devoted ruler; signed every government document • Was not one to seek out entertainment • Ruled by divine right • Devote Catholic and enforced unity through religion (Expelled Muslims and Jews from Spain) • Used the Inquisition to push out Protestants • Desperately wanted to expand Spanish Catholic power

  8. Do I look like I am someone who ever has any fun? I desire absolute control!

  9. Philip II and his Desire for Control • Netherlands • Attempted to end Protestant faith • Uprisings and fighting lasted for decades • Invading England • 1580 Philip sees Queen Elizabeth I as his main Protestant rival • Creates armada • 1588: • 130 ships • 20,000 men • 2,400 pieces of artillery • Armada defeated

  10. France and Louis xiv

  11. Bourbon Kings • King Henry IV • 1589 inherited the throne as a Protestant Priest • Converted to Catholicism • Created the Edicts of Nantes 1598 (Created to protect Protestants) • Granted Huguenots religious protection • Rebuilt France by creating a bureaucracy responsible to him and taking power away from nobles • Set the stage for a strong monarchy

  12. Bourbon Kings • Louis XIV • 1643 inherited the throne at age 5 • France turned to chaos • Powerful Ruler • Divine Right • Never called meeting of Estates General (Representatives of the clergy, nobles, and everyone else) • Expanded bureaucracy • Appointed intendants (People who collected taxes & carried out policies of the king) • Created large royal army • Jean Baptiste Colbert (Finance Minister) • Emphasized mercantilism • Grew to be wealthiest state in Europe

  13. Bourbon Kings • Downfall of Louis XIV • Palace of Versailles • Housed 10,00 people • No expense spared • Had nobility attend his every move • Nobles didn’t pay taxes • Unsuccessful Wars • Power checked by Dutch and English • 1700 grandson Philip V and Spain go to war with England and France joins alliance with Spain • Persecution of Huguenots (Protestants) • 100,000 fled France

  14. Click on my picture to read about my daily routine. This dude had nobles cater to his every need! Nobles participated in a ritual called levee. Nobles would hold the royal wash basin while Louis cleaned his face. It is also reported that he wore diamond buckled shoes! Bling for the feet!

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