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Agricultural Revolution Why did it start in England? The Growth of the Cottage Industry

The Industrial Revolution. Agricultural Revolution Why did it start in England? The Growth of the Cottage Industry The Industrial Revolution. Page 1: Agricultural Revolution . Warm Up:

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Agricultural Revolution Why did it start in England? The Growth of the Cottage Industry

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  1. The Industrial Revolution • Agricultural Revolution • Why did it start in England? • The Growth of the Cottage Industry • The Industrial Revolution

  2. Page 1: Agricultural Revolution Warm Up: Complete chart on next page on your own. Think about new technology, modern day medicine, communication, etc. Agenda: • Warm Up- share out • Notes • Video • Ticket out Homework: IDs due Thursday

  3. Agricultural Revolution 15th and 18th Century Farming

  4. The Open-field System • Cooperative plowing • Conserved the quality of land • Balanced distribution of good land • Farmers were part of a “team” • Gleaning

  5. Enclosure • Before • AFTER • Each landowner received a single piece of property • No common lands

  6. Large Land Owners (Benefited) • Had the political strength to pass the enclosure law • Owned large unified farms under this system • Farming was more efficient • Didn’t need consent of the village to experiment with new crop methods

  7. Small FarmersForced off Their Land • Had to pay for : • Required fencing • A team of oxen • Could no longer glean or gather wood • Often had to sell plots to large landowners: • Forced to Rent or • Work for someone else • Increasing the # of men looking for work

  8. The Seed Drill (1700) • Planted seed in neat rows • Improved germination by making furrow, dropping seed into them, and covering them • Reduced amount of seed used in planting

  9. Additional Machines • Horse-drawn cultivator – Jethro Tull • Cast-iron plow (1797) – American Charles Newbold • Reaper – Englishman Joseph Boyce (1799) and American Cyrus McCormic (1834) • Self-cleaning steel plow – John Deere(1837) • Thresher – separated grain from stalk • Harvester – cut and bind grain • Combine - cut, thresh, and sack grain • Tractor – pulled equipment through the field • Corn planter • Potato digger • Electric milker • Cotton picker

  10. Scientific Agriculture Scientific Breeding • 1725-1795 • Selective breeding of animals • Produced more and better animals • Produced more milk and meat Crop Rotation • English gentleman farmer Viscount Charles “Turnip” Townsend • Alternating grain crops: wheat and barley, with soil enriching crops: turnips and clovers. • No longer had to leave land fallow

  11. Effects • The number of farmers, in proportion to total population, decreased sharply • Many farmers moved to the cities • The population of cities increased rapidly • Farmers found their work less difficult because machines performed the back breaking labor • Farming changed from a self-sufficient way of life to big business • Agricultural production increased • Cost of foodstuffs dropped • Increased production of food resulted in part, in a rapid growth of population • Large farms, using machines and scientific methods, began to dominate agriculture • Number of small farms began to decline

  12. As you watch the Crash Course video - think about which invention discussed from the age of industrialization has had the greatest impact on your life today. Be prepared to write a statement on it that will be turned in as you walk out the door! http://fairiemom78.blogspot.com/2012/06/you-tube-monday-agricultural-revolution.html

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