“ Iqra !”

1. 13 14 1 9 10 11 12 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 617 618 619 620 621 622 Proclamation “Iqra!” Persecution Abyssinia (1) Abyssinia (2) Hamza and Umar become Muslims Boycott and Siege Death of Abu Taleb Death of Khadijah Ta’if Isra’ and Mi’raj

2. Seerah of The Prophet Da’wah After the Year of Grief Offering Islam to Tribes of Arabia

3. Da’wah After the Year of Grief • The Messenger of Allah went on the path of Da’wah diligently calling the tribes of Arabia inside and outside Mecca • Banu ‘Aamer: • Large and strong tribe, enemies of Thaqif. • They demanded guarantees of leadership after the Prophet • Rejected Islam unless there is earthly benefits • Banu Shaybaan: • They welcomed the Prophet and listened to the Message • They would not dare break their agreement with Persia and offer protection to Muslims in their territories. (al-Muthanna: later on the first commander against Persia)

4. Da’wah After the Year of Grief • Lessons: • The Believer always seeks a way, if a door closes we knock on the next. • Never stop calling to the way of Allah • Never despair or lose hope

5. Da’wah After the Year of Grief • Suwayd bin As-Samet سويد بن الصامت • From the A’ws • Had the “Magazine of Luqman” • Listened to Quran and admired it. • Killed in the battle of Bu’aath, some reported he died a Muslim. • Iyas bin Mu’ath إياس بن معاذ • Came to Mecca seeking alliance with Quraysh against Khazraj • Listened to the Prophet and admired Quran • Killed in the battle of Bu’aath, some reported he died a Muslim.

6. Da’wah After the Year of Grief • Yathrib:

7. Da’wah After the Year of Grief Yathrib: Residents of Yathrib before Hijrah (622 CE) • The Arabs • The Aus: الأوس: بنو عبد الأشهل بنو عمرو بن عوف ... • Sa’d bin Mu’aath سعد بن معاذ • Usayd bin Hudhayr أسيد بن حضير • The Khazraj: الخزرج : بنو النجار زريق سالم غنم ... • Ubadah bin As-Samet عبادة بن الصامت • As’ad bin Zurarah أسعد بن زرارة • The Jewish Tribes • Banu An-Nadhir • Banu Qaynuqa’ • Banu Qurayzhah

8. Da’wah After the Year of Grief Yathrib: Residents of Yathrib before Hijrah (622 CE) • The Arabs • The Aus and The Khazraj had fierce rivalry, frequently erupted in wars and battles. • The Day of Bu’ath: • عن عائشة : كان يوم بعاث يوما قدمه الله لرسوله صلى الله عليه وسلم ، فقدم رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم وقد افترق ملؤهم ، وقتلت سرواتهم وجرحوا ، فقدمه الله لرسوله صلى الله عليه وسلم في دخولهم في الإسلام . المحدث: البخاري • Al Bukhari: Narrated 'Aisha: The day of Bu'ath (i.e. Day of fighting between the two tribes of the Ansar, the Aus and Khazraj) was brought about by Allah for the good of His Apostle so that when Allah's Apostle reached (Medina), the tribes of Medina had already divided and their chiefs had been killed and wounded. So Allah had brought about the battle for the good of H is Apostle in order that they (i.e. the Ansar) might embrace Islam.

9. Da’wah After the Year of Grief Yathrib: Residents of Yathrib before Hijrah (622 CE) • The Jewish Tribes • Banu An-Nadhir • Banu Qaynuqa’ • Banu Qurayzhah • Formed Alliances with the Arab tribes and Clans of Yathrib • Settled mostly in fortressed around the fertile plains south of Yathrib. • Excelled in the Market place and farming. • Moved to Yathrib in anticipation of the “New and Final Messenger” and expected to come from the Israelite like the many prophets after Abraham.

10. Da’wah After the Year of Grief • As the Messenger of Allah went on the path of Da’wah diligently calling the tribes of Arabia inside and outside Mecca he spoke to groups during Hajj season • Year 11thafter Revelation started (620 CE), the Prophet met a group from Yathrib at the ‘Aqabah in Mina. All from the Khazraj: • As’ad bin Zurarah (banu Najjar) أسعد بن زرارة • Awf bin Al-Harith (Ibn ‘Afra’) (banu Najjar) عوف بن الحارث • Rafi’ bin Malik (Banu Zurayq) رافع بن مالك • Qutbah bin ‘Aamer (from banu Salamah) قطبة بن عامر • ‘Uqbah bin ‘Aamer (from Banu Haram) عقبة بن عامر • Jaber bin Abdellah (banu Ghanam) جابر بن عبد الله بن رئاب • They all accepted Islam. No Bay’ah took place.

11. The First Pledge of ‘Aqabah • Year 12thafter Revelation started (621 CE), the Prophet met a group of 12 men from Yathrib at the ‘Aqabah in Mina: • As’ad bin Zurarah (banuNajjar) أسعد بن زرارة • Awf bin Al-Harith (Ibn ‘Afra’) (banuNajjar) عوف بن الحارث • Rafi’ bin Malik (BanuZurayq) رافع بن مالك • Qutbah bin ‘Aamer (from banuSalamah) قطبة بن عامر • ‘Uqbah bin ‘Aamer (from BanuHaram) عقبة بن عامر • Mu’ath bin Al-Harith (Ibn ‘Afra’) (banuNajjar) معاذ بن الحارث • Ubadah bin As-Sametعبادة بن الصامت • Thakwan bin Abdul-Qaysذكوان بن عبد القيس • Yazid bin Tha’labah يزيد بن ثعلبة • Al-’Abbas bin ‘Ubadah العباس بن عبادة • Abu-Alhaytham bin Al-Tayhan (from Aus) أبو الهيثم بن التيهان • ‘Uwaym bin Sa’idah (from Aus) عويم بن ساعدة Khazraj Aus

12. The First Pledge of ‘Aqabah • The First Pledge of ‘Aqabah(The Pledge of Women بيعة النساء ) (narrated by ‘Ubadah bin As-Samet) • Tawheed ألا نشرك بالله شيئا • Do not steal و لا نسرق • Do not fornicate و لا نزني • Do not kill your children و لا نقتل أولادنا • Do not commit falsehood or evil deeds و لا ناتي ببهتان نفتريه بين أيدينا و أرجلنا • Obey the Messenger in Good Deeds و لا نعصيه في معروف • The reward shall be Paradise فإن وفيتم فلكم الجنة و إن غشيتم من ذلك شيئا فأمركم إلى الله إن شاء عذبكم و إن شاء غفر لكم.

13. The First Pledge of ‘Aqabah The First Pledge of ‘Aqabah • Islam spread at a group level outside Mecca for the first time • The Messenger of Allah sent Mus’ab bin ‘Umayr مصعب بن عمير with the group to teach Islam and Quran in Yathrib. • Mus’ab was called the “Muqri’ المقرئ” by Muslims of Yathrib • He was hosted by Sa’d bin Zurarah (Khazraji), in whose house first congregational prayers and Jum’ahs took place. • No migration (Hijrah) of any companions at this point other than Mus’ab and then Abdullah bin Mas’ud to teach Qur’an

14. The First Pledge of ‘Aqabah The First Pledge of ‘Aqabah • Islam spread in Yathrib: (The Aus): • Usayd bin Hudhayr أسيد بن حضير • Sa’d bin Mu’adh سعد بن معاذ الزخرف

15. 13 14 1 9 10 11 12 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 617 618 619 620 621 622 Proclamation “Iqra!” Persecution Abyssinia (1) Abyssinia (2) Hamza and Umar become Muslims Boycott and Siege Death of Abu Taleb Death of Khadijah Ta’if Isra’ and Mi’raj First Muslims of Yathrib First Pledge of ‘Aqaba