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Group Dynamics

Group Dynamics. Overview. Define “groups” Distinguish between formal and informal groups Reasons people join groups Four stages of group development Specify group tasks and maintenance functions . Formation of groups. A group is more than two persons who interact with

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Group Dynamics

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  1. Group Dynamics

  2. Overview • Define “groups” • Distinguish between formal and informal groups • Reasons people join groups • Four stages of group development • Specify group tasks and maintenance functions

  3. Formation of groups A group is more than two persons who interact with each other in such a manner that the behavior or performance of one is influenced by the behavior of the others.

  4. Two group types • Formal groups (task oriented) • Informal groups (social oriented)

  5. Reasons for group formation • SECURITY • SOCIAL • ESTEEM • PROXIMITY • ATTRACTION • ORDERED TO

  6. Four stages of group development • Form stage • Storm stage • Norm stage • Perform stage

  7. Form stage • First stage – behavior of group members can be described as : • DEPENDENT ON DIRECTION • MEMBERS ARE POLITE • INTRODUCTION AND SHARING OF INFORMATION • STEROTYPING INDIVIDUALS BASED ON FIRST IMPRESSIONS • CONVERSATIONS ARE ABOUT SAFE ACCEPTABLE TOPICS • AVOID DISCLOSURE, FEEDBACK, AND INTERPRETING NON-VERBALS

  8. Storm stage • Second stage – behavior of the group can be characterized as: • COUNTER-DEPENDENT: EACH GROUP MEMBER STRONGLY FEELS THE NEED TO TAKE CARE OF HIMSELF/HERSELF DURING THIS STAGE • BID FOR POWER • COMPETITIVE • RATIONALIZATION • CLOSE-MINDED • CONFLICT/HOSTILITY • CLIQUES ARE FORMED

  9. Storm stage - continued • UNEXPRESSED INDIVIDUAL NEEDS • CREATIVITY SUPPRESSED • TRY TO REACH RESOLUTION BY VOTE, COMPROMISE, OR ARBITRATION

  10. Norm stage • Third stage – behavior of the group can be characterized as: • INDEPENDENT AND CONSTRUCTIVE • REAL LISTENING TAKES PLACE • ATTEMPTS TO GAIN AND MAINTAIN CONTROL LESSEN • PROGRESS TOWARD OBJECTIVES • CREATIVITY BEGINS • ROLES IDENTIFIED • THE LEADER MAY BECOME SOMEWHAT LESS IDENTIFIABLE OR NECESSARY TO THE GROUP

  11. Perform stage • Fourth stage – behavior of the group can be characterized as: • INDEPENDENT • HIGH GROUP MORALE AND ESPRIT • INTENSE GROUP LOYALTY • INDIVIDUAL CREATIVITY IS ENCOURAGED • DISAGREEMENT IS OK • NO CLIQUES • GROUP ADOPTS AN IDENTIFICATION SYMBOL

  12. Adjourn stage • Fifth stage – behavior of the group can be characterized as: • LESS TASK ABILITY • REGRESSION TO LESS PRODUCTIVE BEHAVIOR • SEPARATION, GRIEVING BEHAVIORS • RE-DEFINITION • TERMINATION OR MINI-DEATH

  13. Relationship of team maturity and performance Possible Failure PERFORMANCE Possible Failure Possible Failure FORM STORM NORM PERFORM ADJOURN Immature Inefficient Ineffective Mature Efficient Effective

  14. Stages of team development and associated management challenges 1. Establish structure, rules, communication networks 2. Clarify relations and interdependencies among members 3. Identify leader roles, clarify responsibility and authority 4. Develop plans for goals accomplishment. FORMING (Orientation) STORMING(Internal problem solving) 1. Identify and resolve interpersonal conflict. 2. Further clarify rules, goals, and structural relationships 3. Develop participate climate among group members NORMING (Growth and productivity) 1. Direct group activity toward goal accomplishment. 2. Develop data-flow & feedback systems for task performance. 3. Promote more cohesion among group members PERFORMING (Evaluation and control) 1. Leader role emphasis on facilitation, feedback, and evaluation. 2. Renewal, revision, and strengthening of roles and group interdependencies. 3. Show of strong motivation toward goal accomplishment

  15. Summary • IDENTIFY THE WORKING DEFINITION OF A GROUP • IDENTIFY FORMAL AND INFORMAL GROUPS • IDENTIFY THE REASONS PEOPLE JOIN GROUPS • DESCRIBE THE FOUR STAGES OF GROUP DEVELOPMENT

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