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Kingdom: Fungi

Domain Bacteria. Domain Archaea. Domain Eukarya. Common ancestor. Kingdom: Fungi. Domain Eukarya Modified from slide show by Kim Foglia. General characteristics. Classification criteria eukaryotes heterotrophs feed by absorption mostly multicellular except unicellular yeasts

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Kingdom: Fungi

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  1. Domain Bacteria Domain Archaea Domain Eukarya Common ancestor Kingdom: Fungi Domain Eukarya Modified from slide show byKim Foglia

  2. General characteristics • Classification criteria • eukaryotes • heterotrophs • feed by absorption • mostly multicellular • except unicellular yeasts • cell wall • chitin • rigid polysaccharide • sexual & asexual reproduction

  3. Fungal Structure • Fungal body • mycelium • thread-like cells • hyphae • Cells • multiple nuclei • Cell wall • chitin • just like crab shells

  4. Internal structure chitin cell wall septum • Eukaryotic cells • long, thread-like cells • = HYPHAE • incomplete divisions between cells • septum • multiple nuclei pore nuclei

  5. Modes of Nutrition fungal hypha • Heterotrophic • secrete digestive enzymes • feed by absorption • predators • paralyzing prey • parasites • feeding on living creatures • decomposer • breakdown dead remains plantcell wall plant cellmembrane plant cell Cool…Fungi live INtheir food! Chocolate cake,anyone?

  6. Fungal Diversity Ascomycota Basidiomycota Zygomycota Chytridiomycota Fungi

  7. Ecological Roles • Decomposers • recycle nutrients • Symbiotic Relationships • lichen • fungi + algae • pioneer species in ecosystems • makes soil from bare rock • mycorrhizae • fungi + plants • enables plants to absorb more water

  8. Mycorrhizae • Critical role in plant growth • extends water absorption of roots withoutmycorrhizae withmycorrhizae Endomycorrhiza Ectomycorrhiza

  9. Reproduction • Asexual • budding in yeast • mycelium produces spores via mitosis • spread by wind • Sexual • joining of + & – haploid mycelium form diploid zygote • Zygote makes haploid spores via meiosis haploidspores

  10. Zygomycete (Bread Mold) Life Cycle spores mating strain hypha sporangium MEIOSIS mating strain (2n)diploid (n)haploid FUSION of gametangia

  11. Basidiomycete Life Cycle gills lined with basidia fruiting body basidium (n + n)dikaryotic 2n (diploid) (n)haploid zygote MEIOSIS strain spores FUSION of and hyphae strain

  12. Fairy Rings

  13. The FIRST Antibiotics

  14. YEAST Makes bread dough rise • Makes yogurt • Makes beer, champagne http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_Dh04EoFYC8Y/Sb1T0bkbWbI/AAAAAAAAAWk/5hv-AYIuDkg/s320/depression+era+bread+dough+rise.jpg http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_xNH3RuEjBfQ/S0uCbqqeh3I/AAAAAAAAMWQ/Kj5fhiBXsXo/s400/yogurt.jpg http://sisimua.com/store/images/Beers.gif

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