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Ariah Wong

Native Language Shifts Across Sleep-wake States in Bilingual Sleeptalkers Juan A. Pareja , Eloy de Pablos , Ana B. Caminero , Isabel Millán and José L. Dobato. Ariah Wong. Introduction. Sleep talking (somniloquy)

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Ariah Wong

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  1. Native Language Shifts Across Sleep-wake States in Bilingual SleeptalkersJuan A. Pareja, Eloy de Pablos, Ana B. Caminero, Isabel Millán and José L. Dobato Ariah Wong

  2. Introduction • Sleep talking (somniloquy) • the utterance of speech or sounds during sleep without simultaneous subjective detailed awareness of the event. • mumbled nonsense to coherent sentences • More frequent in children & teenagers • Associated with REM & NREM sleep

  3. Purpose • Study which language is used when healthy bilingual individuals are sleep talking • Dominant bilinguals – use dominant language to sleep talk • Balanced bilinguals – use?

  4. Method • Subjects • 681 Children • 336 males, 341 females, 4 unknown • Age 3-17 (mean age: 9.0) • 3 bilingual schools in northern Spain • Languages: Spanish & Euskera

  5. Method • Procedure • Parents completed self-administered questionnaire • What was the 1st language learned by your child? • Does your child sleep talk? If yes, how frequent and in what language? • Reliable answers • Skip questions in doubt • Contact investigator to clarify any questions

  6. Results • 383 of 680 subjects were sleep talking (56.3%)

  7. Results

  8. Results

  9. Discussion • Balanced bilinguals • Sleep talk in either language (no preference) • Dominant bilinguals • Mostly sleep talk in the dominant language

  10. Discussion • Less than 4% of dominant bilinguals sleep talked in their non-dominant language • Language shift: • Due to emotional stress • Different language organization • Learn languages early = same brain areas • Learn one language earlier, one later = different brain areas

  11. Discussion • Strengths • Easy to read, organized • Good sample size & balance of genders • Limitations • No clear hypothesis • Basing study on parents’ opinions • No relation to specific brain structures • Frontal & temporal cortex, basal ganglia?

  12. Discussion • Future research • Use video surveillance/recording system • Gender differences • Multilinguals (know 2+ languages) • Sleep is related to anatomical & physiological structure of language • Narrower age range

  13. References • American Academy of Sleep Medicine. (2001). The international classification of sleep disorders: diagnostic and coding manual. 157-159. • Arkin, AM. (1966). Sleep talking: a review. Journal of nervous and mental disease, 143, 101-122. • Arkin, AM., Toth, MF., Baker, J., & Hastey, JM. (1970). The frequency of sleep talking in the laboratory among chronic sleeptalkers and good dream recallers. Journal of nervous and mental disease, 151(9), 369-374 • Pareja, JA., de Pablos, E., Caminero, AB., Millan, I., & Dobato, JL. (1999). Native language shifts across sleep-wake states in bilingual sleeptalkers. Sleep, 22(2), 243-247.

  14. Any Questions?

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