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Environmental Geology

Environmental Geology. APES MS LC. Objective 16.1. Understand some basic geologic principles including how tectonic plate movements affect conditions for life on the earth. Key Ideas. Layers of the earth Tectonic plates Magma and it’s evil ways Common elements/where they came from.

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Environmental Geology

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  1. Environmental Geology APES MS LC

  2. Objective 16.1 Understand some basic geologic principles including how tectonic plate movements affect conditions for life on the earth

  3. Key Ideas • Layers of the earth • Tectonic plates • Magma and it’s evil ways • Common elements/where they came from

  4. Layers of the Earth

  5. Layers of the Earth

  6. Layers of the Earth

  7. Tectonic plates

  8. Tectonic plates Three Types Of Plate Boundaries

  9. Tectonic plates

  10. Tectonic plates

  11. Magma and it’s evil ways

  12. Common elements/where they came from • Even though there are 92 elements that are naturally found, only eight of them are common in the rocks that make up the Earth’s outer layer, the crust. Together, these 8 elements make up more than 98% of the crust. • The 8 most common elements in Earth’s crust (by mass): 46.6% Oxygen (O)27.7% Silicon (Si)8.1% Aluminum (Al)5.0% Iron (Fe)3.6% Calcium (Ca)2.8% Sodium (Na)2.6% Potassium (K)2.1% Magnesium (Mg)

  13. Objective 16.2 • Explain how the three major rock types are formed and how the rock cycle works

  14. Key Ideas • Define rock and mineral • Types of rocks • Rock cycle • Weathering and erosion

  15. Minerals: Naturally occurring, inorganic, solid element or compound with a definite chemical composition or regular crystal structure Analogy: batter, chocolate chips, nuts

  16. Rocks -solid, cohesive aggregate of one or more minerals -3 types of rock Analogy: a chocolate chip cookie with nuts

  17. Three Types of Rocks Sedimentary Igneous Metamorphic

  18. How are Rocks Formed? http://sln.fi.edu/fellows/payton/rocks/create/

  19. The Rock Cycle

  20. The Rock Cycle

  21. Weathering

  22. Physical Weathering

  23. Chemical Weathering The process of chemical weathering tends to  • increase bulk creating stress within rocks • lower the density minerals • decreased particle  size resulting in increased surface area  • creates more mobile materials • creates more stable minerals

  24. Erosion

  25. Sedimentation

  26. Sedimentation

  27. Objective 16.3 • Summarize economic mineralogy and strategic minerals

  28. Key Ideas • Primary uses of Metals in the US • Strategic minerals and metals

  29. Major Metals Consumed in the US

  30. Uses of Minerals • http://www.nma.org/publications/common_minerals.asp

  31. Metals http://www.steelbb.com/steelmaps/

  32. Strategic minerals and metals • http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090824152811AAqIyS6 • http://www.emporia.edu/earthsci/amber/go336/natalie/newindex.htm • http://www.nss.org/settlement/L5news/1983-strategicmetals.htm • http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,952561,00.html http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,952561,00.html

  33. Objective 16.4 • Discuss the environmental effects of mining and mineral processing

  34. Objective 16.6 • Recognize the geologic hazards of earthquakes, volcanoes, and tsunamis

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