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Community Ecology

Community Ecology. Grade 9 Biology Transfer of Energy and Matter. Analyzing a Food Web. Put the following organisms into a food web: Algae Hawk Duck Large Fish Frog Minnow Snail Snake Insects. Adding Vocab. Producer: Primary Consumer: Secondary Consumer: Tertiary Consumer:

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Community Ecology

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  1. Community Ecology Grade 9 Biology Transfer of Energy and Matter

  2. Analyzing a Food Web • Put the following organisms into a food web: • Algae • Hawk • Duck • Large Fish • Frog • Minnow • Snail • Snake • Insects

  3. Adding Vocab • Producer: • Primary Consumer: • Secondary Consumer: • Tertiary Consumer: • Higher Order Consumer: • Decomposer:

  4. How well did you do?

  5. What would happen if? • Snails got a disease and their population dramatically dropped: • Sparrows? • Big Fish? • Small Fish?

  6. What do decomposers do? • What levels do decomposers get energy from? • What is the role of decomposers in the transfer of matter?

  7. Energy Transfers: Rule of 10’s

  8. Biomass: The mass of all of the organisms at a given trophic level

  9. Relationships between organisms: • Predation: • Predator • Prey • Competition: Two organisms competing over the same food source • Symbiosis: • Mutualism +/+ • Commensalism +/0 • Parasitism +/-

  10. Name the relationship!

  11. What type of relationship?

  12. What type of relationship? (mistletoe on tree)

  13. What type of relationship?

  14. What type of relationship?

  15. What type of relationship?

  16. Homeostasis: Interactions can change • Ecological Succession: Organized process of change when an ecological community is built or disrupted. • Primary Succession: Ecosystem is built where there was none previously. • Secondary Succession: Ecosystem adapts to change.

  17. Primary Succession

  18. Secondary Succession

  19. Are climax communities really stable? • Can be impacted by: • Pollution • Invasive species

  20. Biological Magnification • Toxins build up in the food chain…how is this different than the transfer of energy?

  21. Examples of Biological magnification • DDT: “Silent Spring” • Rachel Carson and use of DDT video: • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ipbc-6IvMQI • Current Issue: Mercury; dangerous in predatory fish (tuna)

  22. Invasive Species • Native • Original to the biological community • Introduced • Brought into a community. May or may not be accidental • Invasive • Brought into a community; has a negative impact on the community: • May outcompete native plants for resources • May be resistant to pests

  23. Matter cycles between organisms and their environment. • Biogeochemical cycles: • Bio—living things • Geo—Earth • Chemical—Different forms of matter • Examples: • Water, Carbon, Nitrogen

  24. Water Cycle: Always water, different states of matter • Transpiration: • Role of plants in the water cycle

  25. Carbon Cycle • Role of photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition. • Source: Adds CO2 to the atmosphere • Sink: Stores carbon • How is the balance of source & sinks being impacted?

  26. Nitrogen Cycle • Bacteria are essential: otherwise nitrogen gas would stay as N2 in the air! • Legumes: plants that have bacteria associated with their roots that “fix” nitrogen.

  27. Nitrogen Cycle

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