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World War II

World War II. Chapter 26. Just the Facts. WWII was the most destructive conflict in history. It cost more money, damaged more property, killed more people and caused more far reaching changes than any other war in history 21 million Russians will die. Just the Facts. There will be 2 fronts:

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World War II

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  1. World War II Chapter 26

  2. Just the Facts • WWII was the most destructive conflict in history. It cost more money, damaged more property, killed more people and caused more far reaching changes than any other war in history • 21 million Russians will die

  3. Just the Facts There will be 2 fronts: Eastern Front with Russia Western Front in countries bordering the Atlantic Ocean • For every 5 German soldiers who died, 4 of them died on the Eastern Front

  4. Just the Facts: the Holocaust The Holocaust is the name given to the genocide during WWII. A genocide against Jews. Genocide: “the deliberate and systematic destruction of an ethnic, racial, religious or national group”

  5. Just the Facts: The Holocaust • 3 million men, 2 million women, and 1 million kids will die by murder, torture, science experiments, starvation, and disease. • Total: about 6 million Jews

  6. Just the Facts Jews were subject to gruesome medical experiments Nazi doctors would: • break bones repeatedly to see how many times it could be done before a bone could not heal • Hit people’s heads to see what the skull could withstand • Inject different drugs and diseases • Attempted muscle transplants

  7. Just the Facts • The bloodiest battle in the history of the world (Stalingrad= 800,000-1,600,000 causalities) • The bloodiest battle for Americans in history (Battle of the Bulge= 80,000 deaths) • The swastika is an ancient symbol found in Greece, Egypt, China, India and Hindu temples and means good fortune/fertility

  8. Just the Facts Dr. Josef Mengele (“Angel of Death”) 3,000 twins were tested on 200 survived.

  9. Just the Facts Military budget in 1940 was $1.9 billion In 1945 it was $59.8 billion 650,000 jeeps 300,000 planes 89,000 tanks 3 million machine guns 7 million rifles

  10. Just the Facts WWII resulted in Europe no longer being the center of the world power and the rise of U.S. and Russia as super powers. Hamburgers were called Liberty Steaks so that they didn’t have a German name.

  11. Section 1: The Road to War • Land of Dictators • America’s Isolationism • Germany ignores everyone

  12. Buying stocks with loans • Work relief program • System for buying and selling shares 11. According to the line graph in what period did stock prices rise dramatically?

  13. Land of Dictators: Italy Benito Mussolini • Leader of Italy • Civil liberties gone, no freedom of the press • Built up military • Fascist (nearly invented the word) • Conquered Ethiopia (1935) and Albania (1939, 5 days) • Joined Germany (Axis power) because…?

  14. Land of Dictators: Germany • Nazi’s lead a protest/revolt and was arrested (early 1920s) • 1925, he wrote Mein Kampf(my struggle/battle) where he laid out his anti-Semitic thoughts • Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany 1/30/33 (Chancellor is similar to our Speak of the House) • Hitler was leader of the National Socialist Party • He was one of the best speakers in the party • Was chosen because 1. Planted Nazi members into government 2. Depression welcomed change, encouraging

  15. Land of Dictators: Russia Joseph Stalin Executed rivals and sent millions to labor camps

  16. II. America Isolationism Japan’s economy was in a Depression: lack of jobs and food. They decided they needed more land and resources. September 1931, Japan invades Manchuria (Northern region of China)

  17. Japan • Japan felt that they had the right to start an overseas empire, just as European countries such as Britain and France had. • In 1931, Japan seized Manchuria, China, for its valuable coal and iron.

  18. II. America’s Isolationism Our response to Japan? Passed Neutrality Act: banned weapon sales and loans Most Americans wanted to stay out of world affairs. We choose isolationism. ------------------------------------------------ FDR will use his Fireside chats to slowly convince Americans to join the cause. He was outwardly against war but secretly helping Britain.

  19. Review of yesterday 1922: Mussolini becomes dictator in Italy 1923: Stalin starts to take control in Russia 1933: Hitler takes control in Germany and sets up a totalitarian state 1935: Italy invades Ethiopia 1935&1937: American’s reinforce isolationism by passing the Neutrality Acts 1939: Italy invades Albania

  20. Germany on the March 1936: Hitler orders his German troops into an area called the Rhineland (borders with France) Hitler’s goal was to bring together all German speaking countries. 1938: Annexed Austria 1938: Sudetenland (being mistreated)

  21. War in Europe · 1936 – German troops move into the Rhineland, bordering France and Belgium. · 1938 – Germany annexed Austria. * Both of these actions violated the Versailles Treaty.

  22. Germany on the March Czechoslovakia was ready to stop Germany. Munich Conference was meant to stop a war. Appeasement: Avoid war by accepting demands. Munich Conference gave Germany Sudetenland by telling Czech they were on their own if they don’t.

  23. · 1938 – Germany claimed the Sudetenland, a part of Czechoslovakia.

  24. A Sudetenland woman weeps tears of joy when German troops enter the territory.

  25. · Sept. 1938 – At the Munich Conference, Hitler invited the leaders of Britain and France to Germany and assured them that he wanted no more territory. Before signing the Munich agreement. From left to right: Chamberlain, Daladier, Hitler, Mussolini, Ciano

  26. * Britain and France gave into Germany hoping that it would avoid warfare. This was known as appeasement. Soviet poster of the 1930's by Kukryniksy on the Munich agreement.

  27. Germany on the March Hitler promised that Czech was the all he wanted… 1939: Hitler takes the rest of Czechoslovakia Next? Poland But Hitler stopped so he would not anger Russia (too close to Russia) Why is angering Russia a bad idea?

  28. * However, in 1939, Germany invaded the rest of Czechoslovakia anyway!

  29. Germany on the March August 1939: Russia and Germany sign the Soviet-German Non Aggression Pact Agreement not to attack each other, Germany is now ready to take Poland.

  30. Stalin and Hitler • 1939 – In the Nazi-Soviet Pact, Hitler and Stalin agreed not to attack one another.

  31. Stalin and Hitler also agreed to divide Poland and Eastern Europe amongst themselves. • September 1, 1939 – Germany invaded Poland without having to fear a Soviet attack. * Two days later, Britain and France declared war on Germany.

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