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17. Functional groups 18. Not shared equally

17. Functional groups 18. Not shared equally.

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17. Functional groups 18. Not shared equally

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  1. 17. Functional groups 18. Not shared equally IR absorption frequency depends on bond strength; the bond strength of C-H bonds in alkanes, alkenes and alkynes is different because different atomic orbitals (hybridized) of carbon are involved in the bond: the C-H bond in alkanes is described as (sp3-s), that in alkenes is (sp2-s) and in alkynes, it is (sp-s). The relative % s v. % p character of the hybrid orbitals of carbon would indicate different bond lengths /bond strengths for alkanes, alkenes and alkynes, with the bond length / bond strength being the longest/weakest respectively. This results in different IR absorption frequencies. Broad signals of alcohols are due to hydrogen bonding associated with the O-H group. In gaseous samples, no hydrogen bonding is possible, and the signal becomes sharp.

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