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The Divisions and Main Structures of the Nervous System

The Divisions and Main Structures of the Nervous System. Hwa Won and Samuel. Vocabulary. Brain : main part of central nervous system made of about 100 billion neurons Nerve : Bundle of nerve fibers that carry sensory information

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The Divisions and Main Structures of the Nervous System

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  1. The Divisions and Main Structures of the Nervous System Hwa Won and Samuel

  2. Vocabulary • Brain: main part of central nervous system made of about 100 billion neurons • Nerve: Bundle of nerve fibers that carry sensory information • Spinal cord: Thick whitish nerve tissue enclosed by vertebrae that links brain to most nerves • Cerebellum: largest part of brain that works over the senses and causes skeletal muscles to move and complex mental processes • Reflex: automatic response that comes out very quickly without control of the brain.

  3. The Brain • Contains about 100 billion neurons • The skull, 3 layers of connective tissue, and fluid help protecting brain

  4. The Cerebellum • Keep balance of body • Organize body and thought in coordinate way

  5. Brainstem • Control body’s automatic actions (i.e. breathing/ heart beating)

  6. The Central Nervous System • It is like a control center of the body • Spinal cord links the central nervous system with the peripheral nervous system • Brain is a part of the central nervous system • The nerves in your body work like a network of interconnected wires

  7. The Peripheral Nervous System • Network of nerves other than central nervous system • Connect nerves from central nervous system to whole body • Impulse travel through spinal nerve in 2 directions  To/ from central nervous system

  8. The Peripheral Nervous System (continued) • Somatic nervous system control voluntary actions (i.e. using fork/ tying shoelaces) • Automatic nervous system control involuntary actions (i.e. regulating smooth muscles)

  9. The Spinal Cord • The vertebral column (backbone) surrounds it and therefore protects it • It links the brain and the peripheral nervous system • It is also protected by a watery fluid • It is about 45 cm long in men and about 43 cm in women

  10. Reflexes • A rapid, involuntary response to a thread • Sometimes only the spinal cord is involved (no brain involvement) • Used for protection, i.e. a burn after you touch a hot surface • As your muscles contract, another impulse goes from your handto your brain, simultaneously • This impulse makes you feel pain

  11. Safety and the Nervous System • Just like any other part of your body the nervous system can be easily damaged • Concussion – an injury of the brain, when the cerebrum hits the skull • Occurs if you hit your head very hard • Sometimes heals itself, but if not and uncured it can cause brain damage • Wearing a helmet can prevent concussion in activities such as sports • Spinal cord can be easily injured, too • Occurs when the vertebrae is injured • Very dangerous, it can paralyze body parts or even the whole body Wear a Helmet!

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