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Constructing Ideas in Physical Science

CIPS Institute for Middle School Science Teachers. Constructing Ideas in Physical Science. Joan Abdallah , AAAS Darcy Hampton, DCPS Davina Pruitt-Mentle , University of Maryland. Session 2 Debriefing. What do you remember from yesterday’s session (no peeking at text or notes)?

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Constructing Ideas in Physical Science

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  1. CIPS Institute for Middle School Science Teachers Constructing Ideas in Physical Science Joan Abdallah, AAAS Darcy Hampton, DCPS Davina Pruitt-Mentle, University of Maryland

  2. Session 2 Debriefing • What do you remember from yesterday’s session (no peeking at text or notes)? • What were the “essential questions” being asked/explored? • What conclusions did “we” decide? • What was/were the “underlying concepts/content” that the activities were after? 8/2-8/13

  3. Deeper Questions • What deeper questions could you envision students asking? • What misconceptions or misinterpretations can you foresee? • How or what would you say? 8/2-8/13

  4. Deeper Questions or Possible Misinterpretations • “What is a magnet”? • “What makes something a magnet”? • “How can you magnetize something”? • “How does something loose being a magnet”? What would you say? 8/2-8/13

  5. What’s a Magnet? Magnets do the following things: • Attract certain materials - such as iron, nickel, cobalt, certain steels and other alloys; • Exert an attractive or repulsive force on other magnets • Have an effect on electrical conductors when the magnet and conductor are moving in relation to each other; • Have an effect on the path taken by electrically charged particles traveling in free space. The Magnet Library http://www.magnet4u.com/eng/new_lib/lib_1.htm 8/2-8/13

  6. Why does a Magnet Work? • Iron, Cobalt, and Nickel (and some other elements), as well as some alloys are ferromagnetic • These materials exhibit a property called long range ordering • This is a quantum effect beyond the scope of a middle (or high) school class • Unpaired electrons in the material tend to line up • Electrons which line up cause the magnetic effect 8/2-8/13

  7. Iron Fe #26 8/2-8/13

  8. Cobalt Co #27 From Web Elements 8/2-8/13

  9. So Why isn’t all Iron Magnetic? • Usually, due to random effects, this electron spin alignment is limited to regions • This randomness leads to no net magnetic field Electrons in different directions 8/2-8/13

  10. How do we make it a magnet?Add an Electric Coil • Wire coils with electricity through them create a magnetic field which runs through the center • This tends to align the domains (of lined up electrons) in the same direction • The greater the current, the greater the magnetic field • Iron (or other ferromagnetic elements) tends to amplify the magnetic field 8/2-8/13

  11. Now it stays magnetic after we remove the wires • The electric field makes the domains line up • When you remove the coil, the domains tend to stay aligned • This property is called hysteresis 8/2-8/13

  12. Earth’s Magnetic Field 8/2-8/13

  13. Want To Learn More? • What Makes Earth a Magnetic Force? • Magnets and Electromagnets • Electricity and magnet playwiths • Magnetic Expressions • Ohio State’s Virtual Demo Lab (also scroll to end for list of other online simulation sites) 8/2-8/13

  14. Can We Apply What We Learned Yesterday?Class Activity • Battery Power • WHICH TILE CLEANER REMOVES SOAP SCUM THE BEST • The Science of Water • What Can Affect One’s Perception of Sound • Why does junior tennis have such a high injury rate? Judge these using the rubric provided 8/2-8/13

  15. More Fun • A Science Fair How Not to Guide • http://www.wcsscience.com/scienceexperiment/guide.html • Montykins • http://www.montykins.com/mkins/000620.html • Bogus Entries are Fair Game • http://www.gsdsef.org/pdfs/mar30Article01.pdf 8/2-8/13

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