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The Dutch Colonial Empire

The Dutch Colonial Empire. Emily Volovitz . History . The Netherlands is located in the northwestern region of Europe. The Dutch empire consists of all the territories controlled by the Netherlands. They were originally controlled by Spain.

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The Dutch Colonial Empire

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  1. The Dutch Colonial Empire Emily Volovitz

  2. History • The Netherlands is located in the northwestern region of Europe. • The Dutch empire consists of all the territories controlled by the Netherlands. They were originally controlled by Spain. • During the protestant reformation, the Netherlands declared independence from Spain • They were influenced by Portugal and Spain to establish an empire of their own. Not only was this the cause of their separation from Spain, but the longing for independence, and trading and shipping skills added to the desire of becoming an independent empire. • The Duke of Burgundy united different areas in 1433 to make up what is presently Belgium and the Netherlands. • Charles V extended the territories of Burgundy. Eventually there were seventeen provinces. • Charles V and Phillip II of Spain wished to transform the Netherlands to a Catholic empire once again. During the reformation the Dutch area was protestant. They both desired to alter the region and this caused a rebellion (Dutch Revolt.)

  3. History • The independence movement from Spain was originally started by William of Orange I. He also encouraged the Dutch revolt to commence. • He was a wealthy noble whom originally was deeply implemented in Habsburg with the court. The court was of Margaret of Parma. • William did not agree with the way the government was centralized in Spain; therefore becoming a ally of the Dutch. • The Eighty Year’s War (independence) lasted from 1568-1648. This then leaded to the Thirty Years War. During the war, the lower countries had seven provinces in rebellion in which then became the United Provinces in 1579 . The treaty of the Union of Utrecht was signed in order for the northern provinces of the Netherlands to become independent from Hapsburg Spain on January 23, 1579

  4. The Golden Age • Throughout the Eighty Years War, the Netherlands progressively became the most significant trading place in Northern Europe. • The arts, sciences, industry, and trade flourished. This was also known as the Golden Age for the Netherlands. • The Dutch were considered to be by far the most superior in science knowledge and stability regarding monetary issues during the 17th and 18th centuries in Europe. • The invention of the sawmill was a great aid to the international trading and enabled the economy to flourish. • The Netherlands maintained a republic for their government with no king.

  5. Expansion & New Colonies • Some Dutch settled in Africa approximately around 1652 and because of this settlement, the ethnic group, Afrikaner, descended and was established. • The Dutch West India company was established as a corporation for the New World. • Explorer Henry Hudson, took control of New Jersey, New York, and particular regions of Connecticut and Delaware. These settlements by the Dutch became known as New Netherlands. The Dutch took claim of New Amsterdam (Manhattan Port). • However, the British attacked the port and claimed that area of the Dutch renaming it New York. • They also managed particular regions of Eastern Africa, Malaysia, India, The Middle East, Ceylon, Formosa, Curacao, Aruba, Bonaire, etc.

  6. The Dutch East India Co. • The Dutch East India Company was established in 1602 and it was the first multinational corp. • It existed for approximately two hundred years and brought great trade and commerce to the Netherlands and the rest of the world. • Asian tea, coffee, sugar, rice, nutmeg, cinnamon, silk, porcelain, rubber, tobacco, textiles, peppers, and cloves were traded. • The corporation enabled the Dutch to maintain armies and sign treaties with other rulers. • There was a Dutch base in present day Jakarta, Indonesia. They offered many resources for the Dutch and they became a colony of the Dutch until 1945. • The Netherlands traded with Japan as well. The Japanese received knowledge of science, medicine, and arithmetic. Meanwhile, the Dutch were receiving more tangible resources.

  7. The Decline of Co. • Because the Dutch failed at persuading civilians to settle in new colonies, the companies could not go on productively or efficiently. • Soon enough the Dutch empire was inferior to other stronger empires. • The Companies and Independence of the Dutch enabled a new ethnic race to result in a flourishing era for the Dutch, prosperity for other empires, and even though it is one of the smaller countries, the impact it has had internationally and historically is enormous.

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