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Winning the War

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Winning the War

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    1. Winning the War APUSH Ms. Weston 3.12.07

    2. American Losses in the Pacific Japanese conquered lots of territory very quickly. Overran Guam, Wake, Hong Kong, British Malaya, Burma (cut of American supplies to China), Dutch East Indies.

    3. The Struggle in the Philippines Americans fight with Japanese here at least slowed down pace of Japanese expansion. General MacArthur held American troops at Bataan MacArthur eventually forced to leave Philippines (“I shall return!”) American and Filipino prisoners tortured on Bataan Death March

    4. Turning Points in the Pacific War Battle of the Coral Sea—(May 1942) Fighting totally done by aircraft, Americans able to stop Japan’s southward takeover Battle of Midway—(June 1942) Improbable, but US won—key victory that finally halted Japanese aggression, made Americans believe they had a chance of winning.

    5. Island Hopping US now able to start acting more aggressive, taking over islands Took Guadalcanal in Feb. 1943 (20,000 Japanese died in that battle alone!) Goal became to leapfrog between islands where they skipped over more heavily fortified islands to capture weaker ones. Purpose was to gain army bases and isolate Japan. By 1944, Americans had recaptured many islands, including the Marianas, and began bombing Japan.

    6. Stopping Hitler in Europe In beginning, America and allies suffered many setbacks to Hitler, especially in ships being bombed. With new technology, Allies slowly got the upper hand. Increased morale after British victories in Europe and Soviet victory at Stalingrad.

    7. The “Second Front” in North Africa Stalin begged allies to open up another front to take the pressure off of him and his troops. Britain felt Allies weren’t ready to invade France—wanted to attack “underbelly” Began assault in North Africa Troops led by Gen. Eisenhower German-Italian Army surrendered in May 1943.

    8. On to Italy Casablanca Conference: US and Britain pledge to move fighting to Italy, and to get “unconditional surrender” from Germany Allied victories in Italy, depose Mussolini in 1943, but Hitler brought him back in. Fighting continued there until 1945.

    9. D-Day: June 6, 1944 Big Three planned invasion at Teheran Major preparations required for invasion Huge invasion force launched surprise attack at Normandy. After six weeks, and stiff opposition, Allies made it into France. Liberated Paris in Aug. 1944 and Allies began move into Germany. War clearly would end soon.

    10. FDR: The 4-Termer Already shattered two term tradition in 1940 Argued that country was in such a great crisis, they needed experienced leader Very little opposition in 1940 or 1944, won easily both times. Won in 1944 primarily because war was going well—people didn’t want to “switch pitchers in the middle of the game”

    11. Victory in Europe Hitler tried one more offensive at Battle of Bulge (Dec. 1944)—lost and from then on he was forever on defensive. Both Allies from West and Soviets from East closing in on Germany Americans began to liberate concentration camps April 1945: Hitler and new wife committed suicide in bunker Same year: Roosevelt dies, Truman takes over May 1945: Germany surrenders unconditionally.

    12. The War Continues in Japan… America continued massive fire-bomb raid on Japan With victories in Philippines, Iwo Jima and Okinawa—America now ready to invade Japan. Question was whether or not that was the right move.

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