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Winning the War

Winning the War. Chapter 26, Section 4. Winston Churchill was sure that the United States would lead the Allies to victory. A Time of Peril. Allied leaders had to cooperate if they were to succeed against the Axis Powers

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Winning the War

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  1. Winning the War Chapter 26, Section 4

  2. Winston Churchill was sure that the United States would lead the Allies to victory

  3. A Time of Peril • Allied leaders had to cooperate if they were to succeed against the Axis Powers • FDR, Churchill, and Stalin met twice during the war to discuss how to achieve their goals • Even before Pearl Harbor American and British planners decided they had to defeat Germany and Italy first • Then send combined forces to Japan

  4. 1942 Germany held land from Normandy to Greece and closing in on Moscow toward the Soviet Unions oil fields and farmlands

  5. Soviet resistance • Soviets resisted fiercely, burning crops and farm equipment as they retreated • People suffered during the 900 day siege of Leningrad and elsewhere • More then one million Russians died

  6. Japanese advance • Japanese were on the move in the Pacific • After Pearl Harbor they seized Guam, Wake Island, Hong Kong, and Singapore • General Douglas McArthur was forced to withdraw troops from the Phillipines • Japanese pressed on capturing other Pacific Islands

  7. The Tide Turns • Despite German submarines sinking Allied ships, the Allies began to turn the tide

  8. Victories at Sea • Battle of Midway: American planes sank four Japanese aircraft carriers • Hampered Japanese offensive • U.S. Marines won a battle on Guadalcanal Island • Became a base from which to counterattack

  9. Victories in North Africa • British and American forces began to push back the German in North Africa • British won a victory in Egypt • German forces were pushed west intoTunisia • Dwight D. Eisenhower and American forces landed in North Africa • They occupied Morocco and Algeria

  10. Victories in Italy • From bases in North Africa, Allies organized the invasion of Italy • Used paratroopers, airborne troops and soldiers brought by sea • Captured Sicily • Crossed from Sicily to the mainland of Italy

  11. Italians had overthrown Mussolini • New Italian government sided with the Allies • Allies slowly fought German up the Italian peninsula • June 4, 1944 Allies freed Rome from Nazi control

  12. Victories on the Russian front • 1943 Soviet army pushed German forces from Leningrad • After months of fierce house to house fighting, Soviets forced German armies to surrender at Stalingrad • Soviets army slowly pushed German westward through Eastern Europe

  13. Opening a Second Front • 1941 Stalin asked Allied arms to open a send war front sending armies across the English Channel in to France • 1943 FDR and Churchill decided to attempt the attack

  14. Planning the Invasion • Operation Overlord: code name for the invasion of Europe • General Eisenhower was appointed commander • He had to ferry 3 millions troops across the English Channel • And provide them with ammunition, food, and other supplies

  15. Planning the Invasion • Germans knew an attack was coming • Built an “Atlantic Wall” • Mined beaches • Strung barbed wire • Machine guns and concrete antitank walls stood ready to stop an advance

  16. Landing at Normandy • June 6th, 1944, D Day: a fleet of 4,000 Allied ships carried the invasion force into France • Allied troops reached the shores of Normandy • Intense German gunfire and loses • More soldiers landed every day to reinforce the advance

  17. August 25, 1944 Allies entered Paris • Had been under Nazi control for four years • They were now liberated

  18. Advancing on Germany • While moving east toward Germany Allies suffered a shortage of gasoline • Battle of the Bulge: December 1944 Germans began a fierce counterattack • Allies were pushed back • Slowed the allies but did not stop them

  19. Advancing on Germany • Allied planes bombed Germany • British bombed cities at night • American planes bombed factories and oil refineries during day • The bombing did not stop German moral or war production

  20. Election of 1944 • FDR ran for a forth election against Governor Thomas E. Dewey of New York • FDR won more then 54% of the vote

  21. Death of the President • April 1945 FDR died • FDR was mourned by people all over the world • A new President takes over • Vice President Harry S. Truman took over the country in the midst of the war

  22. Victory in Europe • By April 1945 Germany was collapsing • American Troops reached Soviet troops in Torgau, 60 miles south of Berlin • In Berlin Hitler hid in his underground bunker as Allied troops pounded the city • April 30, 1945 Hitler committed suicide

  23. May 7, 1945 Germany surrendered to the Allies • V-E Day: Victory in Europe, May 8, 1945

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