Preliminary Technology Needs Assessment in Bolivia Javier Hanna Climate Change National Program

1. PNCC - BOLIVIA 1 Preliminary Technology Needs Assessment in Bolivia Javier HannaClimate Change National Program

2. PNCC - BOLIVIA 2 Background Article 4.5 of the UNFCCC: developed country Parties “shall take all practicable steps to promote, facilitate and finance, as appropiate, the transfer of, or access to, environmentally sound technologies and know-how to other Parties, particularly developing country Parties, to enable them to implement the provisions of the Convention” Achieving the ultimate objective of the UNFCCCC, will require technological innovation and the rapid and widespread transfer and implementation of technologies and know-how for mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions. The transfer of technology for adaptation is also very important element of reducing vulnerability to climate change, which is a key element for developing countries, specially for those most vulnerable.

3. PNCC - BOLIVIA 3 TT from the perspective of Bolivia Bolivia through the Climate Change National Program (CCNP), has developed concrete actions to meet its commitments under UNFCCC (National Action Plan on CC, National Implementation Strategy, First National Communication, GHG Emissions Inventories). One of the next important steps followed was a preliminary Technology Needs Assessment for Climate Change in Bolivia: Energy, Industrial Processes and Land Use Change & Forestry Sectors (GEF support). The assessment has permited to: define priority sectors, compile technology information, select technology priorities, assess barriers and gaps, and evaluate possible ways to overcome these barriers.

4. PNCC - BOLIVIA 4 Technology Needs Assessment: Country-driven Process

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7. PNCC - BOLIVIA 7 Compiling and Supplementing Technology Information Country experiences and available information on environmentally sound technologies (national sources). Planned national or sectoral strategies, programs and plans promoting new technologies implementation (national sources). Analysis of Implementation Barriers for each subsector (national sources). Analysis of Implementation Barriers for selected technologies (national sources).

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9. PNCC - BOLIVIA 9 Gathering Information from the Public Entities and Domestic Industries Bolivia addressed this challenge using many ways: Direct “official” approach. Through Climate Change Inter-institutional Council. Direct approach through industry groups. Personal approach (members of the CCNP team). Approach through experts. Many times helpful information can only be found in particular governmental agencies, industry groups or firms. Access to these information is in many cases very difficult.

10. PNCC - BOLIVIA 10 Technology Transfer Oportunities Were identified many technologies with potential to transfer in Bolivia: Energy Sector: Fuel switching, CFLs, Renewable sources, Improvement in thermal and electric processes (energy management), Biomass fuels, Maintenance systems, Good practice in processes, Combined cycles, Co-generation, etc. Industrial Processes Sector: Recovery systems, Improvement in equipments, kilns and reservoirs, Introduction of advanced kilns and ovens, etc. Forestry sector: Improvement of silvicultural practices, Sustainable harvest and management practices, Protected area management systems, Susbtitution of fossil fuels in forestry practices, etc.

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12. PNCC - BOLIVIA 12 Barriers to the Transfer of Technology Lack of financial institutions or systems. Lack of supporting institutions and legal frameworks. Inability to assess, select and adapt appropiate technologies. Lack of information and management experience. Lack of awareness and acceptance of technologies. Lack of confidence in the economic, commercial, or technical viability of technologies. Lack of information on current or planned donor activities. Lack of science, engineering and technical knowledge available to industries. High transaction costs. Cultural and social national circumstances.

13. PNCC - BOLIVIA 13 Some ways to overcome barriers in the Transfer of Technology Create systems for direct TT finacial support. Create incentives for investing in EST. Build human and institutional capacities. Integrate human skills, organizational development and information networks. Increase the capacity of social organizations, NGO’s, regulatory agencies and financial institutions. Targeted pilot projects and demonstrations. Conduct education and outreach campaigns. Identification of donor activities and dissemination of this information. Support to public and wide access to the TT information – creation of information networks.

14. PNCC - BOLIVIA 14 Challenge of Effective International Coordination Bolivia has conducted an early process to Assess its Technology Transfer Needs, based exclusively on national capacities. To gaining access to useful information on technology transfer oportunities, it would be helpful strenght international cordination: UNFCCC, international bussiness community, bilateral and multilateral donors – developing countries. Find possible ways to make available information of developing countries in their advances of Technology Transfer Needs, at the international levels.

15. PNCC - BOLIVIA 15 Challenge of Effective International Coordination Needs of methodologies, analytical tools, guidance and information of country experiences to assess Technology Transfer Needs. Regional workshops – training workshops. More attention and work is needed in reference to adaptation technologies. More information is needed for other sectors: forestry, agriculture, waste.

16. PNCC - BOLIVIA 16 Challenge of Effective International Coordination

17. PNCC - BOLIVIA 17 Climate Change National Program of Bolivia