Music 1010

1. Semester Presentation Music 1010

2. Antonio Vivaldi

3. Born in Venice Italy March 4 1678 • The son of professional violinist Giovanni Battista • Baptized in his home immediately after birth • Nickname “Il preterosso” (The red priest) Biography

4. Father introduced Antonio to music • Initially learned to play the violin • Antonio also learned from many of the prominent musicians in Venice at the time. Early Life and Childhood

5. OspedaleDelle Pieta • Was referred to as an orphanage • Home to the female offspring of • the noble men • The best musical resources in Venice

6. 1703 Antonio was named Master of violin. • While working in this position he created some of his greatest works. • 1716 students received international attention under Antonio’s direction. OspedaleDelle Pieta (continued)

7. Composed many violin concertos. • Many compositions were created from five finger exercises that he would work on with his students. • Also wrote many opera compositions Compositions

8. The Four Seasons • Violin Concerto • Four different sections • Sections distinctly represent each season Most well Known composition

9. Four Seasons published in 1725. • Part of 12 concertos titled Cimento Dell Armonia e Dell Invention ( Test of harmony and invention). • Each concerto distinctly represent one of the four season of the year. • Antonio also wrote sonnets that accompany each movement. Compostion History

10. Spring Sonnet: • Depicts melody of birds greeting the season • Summer Sonnet: • Depicts harshness of season/summer storm. • Winter Sonnet: • Portrays freezing temperature and strong winds • Autumn Sonnet: • Depicts the joy of harvest Composition history (sonnet)

11. Listening Guide Spring

12. Spring Concerto: 0:00 The first movement of introduces the excitement and rebirth of spring begins with the violins playing the main theme in E major forte. The tempo of this movement is allegro. At 00:02 you will hear the dynamic change as the violins begin to play in a softer tone. At 00:14 the dynamic grows in strength for a moment then softens as it prepares to introduce a solo that is performed by the violin. We then hear the first violin solo of the concerto which begins at 00:27. The violin plays high pitch trills which sounds like music in the air from the birds who have returned with spring. 1:37 the mood intensifies as the violins begin to play at a faster tempo. We see an example of a disjunct melody as the violins play a piece that ascends and leaps from low to a high pitch. 01:44 you will hear the second violin solo of the movement. This solo is at a fast tempo and is accompanied by the cellos. The violin will play in a high pitch and the cello responds in a lower pitch getting lower each time it responds to the violin. 2:53 you will hear the orchestra playing the main them together as the first movement concludes. The form of this piece is lively and upbeat. It varies back and forth from forte to piano. The forte pieces set the mood for the excitement of spring as the piano portions also give a sense of calm water flowing down stream. Listening Guide (Spring)

13. Listening Guide Summer

14. Summer Concerto: 0:00 The first movement of summer begins with the strings portion of the orchestra in G minor playing in soft dynamic. In Theme A the timbre is dark and the slow pace portrays the tiring atmosphere of the harsh elements of summer. At 1:04 Theme B the tempo increases and there is a violin solo that is accompanied by the viola. This section gives the feel of a dark thunderstorm that rolls in to change the elements of summer. 1:39 the orchestra joins in and the tempo continues to crescendo and then returns to Theme A at 1:48. 2:51 Theme B returns as the orchestra plays together. You can hear the notes plated by the violins in the form of an arch as they repeatedly go higher and then descend. 4:40 you again hear the orchestra playing together at an upbeat tempo. The scales continue to rise and fall. It then descends as the movement concludes. Listening guide summer

15. Listening guide winter

16. Winter Concerto: 0:00 The first movement of winter is preformed in F minor. The timbre of the orchestra is sharp and you can immediately feel the chill that the winter elements create. 00:14 you begin to hear the violin play trills that continue to crescendo as the song progresses. 00:39 you hear a fast tempo violin solo. 1:13 The violins begin to play the main theme. The sharpness of the notes and the fast tempo greatly contribute to the feel of the season and somewhat paints the picture of a snow storm with strong freezing winds. 1:07 The violins and the cello begin playing piano and the dynamic gets increasingly stronger and grows to forte at 1:14. 1:30 The violin will play fugue interweaving two different melodies as they somewhat respond back and forth to one another as the piece comes together. 3:02 The main theme returns and the tempo increases as the first movement of winter concludes. Listening guide winter

17. Bibliography:   “Antonio Vivaldi Biography”. Bio.com. A&E Networks Television, n.d. Web. 12 Sept. 2013 "Antonio Vivaldi Profile”. About.com Classical Music. About.com, n.d. Web. 6 Sept. 2013 "VIVALDI: "Four Seasons" Sonnets Texts in Italian & English." VIVALDI: "Four Seasons" Sonnets Texts in Italian & English. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Sept. 2013. "Antonio Vivaldi." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 17 Sept. 2013. Web. 15 Sept. 2013. Bibliography