Music 1010

1. Music 1010 By: Allyssa Valdovinos Semester paper

2. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart World’s greatest composer

3. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart’s humble begins -Greatest composer of all times-Born January 27th 1756-Youngest of 6 siblings Salzburg, Austria. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart is considered to be one of the greatest composers of all times. He was born in Salzburg on January 27, 1756 to his loving parents Leopold Mozart and Anna Maria Pertl. Mozart was the youngest in his family, he had 6 other siblings, and sadly to say 5 of his siblings did not survive early childhood. Mozart’s father Leopold created a famous violin playing manual and the manual was published the same year that Mozart was born. Mozart’s mother Anna Maria Pertl grew up in a middle class family who actively worked in local administration.

4. Childhood Accomplishments -Genius child with great talent-Started composing at age 5-Performed at the age of only 6 As a young child people considered Mozart to be a genius, because he had a wonderful talent for music. When Mozart was three he was picking out chords to play on the harpsichord, and at the age five composing. Mozart was known to have a precise memory of pitch, and was very creative, and gentle. Before Mozart turned six his father took him and his sister Nannerl who was also musically talented to perform at Bavarian Court, after a few months had passed they went to Vienna where they performed at the Imperial court and in the noble houses.

5. Spreading the notes -Father managed his career-His first tour lasted 3 years around Europe Mozart’s father wanted to show his son and his talents to the world, and of course profit from it. In 1763 Mozart, and his family decided to take a prolonged tour. They went to London, Paris, and other parts of Europe performing for royalty and hosting many successful concerts and meeting many people. They arrived back to their hometown in Salzburg in the year of 1766.

6. K16, K19,K22 and K45 were created.. -Created some of his best hits while on the road-Met many famous and influential people While the family was on tour Leopold wrote letters to his friends about Wolfgang’s universal achievements. In their travels they met many remarkable people in Paris they met many different German composers. In London in particular they met "Johann Christian Bach, Johann Sebastian Bach’s youngest son, and a leading figure in the city’s musical life." (Mozart Wolfgang Amadeus) Under his influence Mozart was able to create many symphonies (K 16, K 19, and K 19a—K. While he was staying in Hague he created two more on his way back he also created (K 22 and K 45a).

7. -Produced a set of 6 strings quartets-wrote advanced symphoniesG minor K183 and A major K201piano concerto in D, K175 In the summer of 1773 Mozart’s father took him to Vienna hoping to find Mozart a better position than he held with the Salzburg Court. Unfortunately they were unable to find him a position but Mozart was able to produce a set of six string quartets in the capital, which displayed “his knowledge of Haydn’s recent Opus 20 in his fuller textures and more intellectual approach to the medium.”(Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart) After Mozart’s return he wrote a particular group of symphonies, the who symphonies were a bit more advanced and showed off his new levels of achievement the Little G minor (K 183) and the A major (K 201). Also in this particular period Mozart had created his first piano concerto (in D, K 175).

8. 1774, A key year for Wolfgang. -Created bassoon and violin symphonies-Became a salaried konzertmeister-Found different ways to use the orchestra Mozart had created many symphonies, concerto’s for bassoons, and violins, and sacred works in the year of 1774. He also became a salaried court konzertmeister which the archbishop Colloredo, looked down on, as he discouraged lavish music, and he set a time limit on mass, which Mozart did not agree with, but was obliged to obey. Mozart was commissioned to create an opera buffa for the Munich carnival season. The opera buffa was called La fintagiadiniera (The feigned gardener girl). Mozart found new ways to use the orchestra more expressively and was able to give real personality to the figures of Italian opera buffa.

9. Life changing events -Began touring in major cities-Had a freelance career-Got married to Constanze Weber-Broke ties with his father In 1777 Mozart went on tour with his mom, and they visited Munich, Manheim and Paris. While they were in Paris Mozart’s mom passed away unexpectedly in July of 1778. After his mom’s passing he decided to return home to Salzburg in 1779 and became court organist to the Archbishop. Mozart at the time received an unceremonious dismissal from the archiepiscopal court in 1781, and then he later became one of the first musicians in all of history to have a free-lance career. Mozart moved back to Vienna, and lived with the Weber’s he had met this family in his earlier travels in 1777. Mozart was married to Constanze Weber in August of 1782, however sadly his father was not supportive of the marriage, and married Constanze against his father’s wishes which caused a bit of a hiccup with the relationship he shared with his father. Things soon began to look up for Mozart as he started to create one great masterpiece after the next.

10. Time Travel -1782=k413-415-1784..six more pieces-Many of these are still played today, 2013!! In 1782, Mozart entered a period of time that he considered to be the most cheerful, and successful period of his life. He was able to compose three piano concertos (K413-415) these were published in 1785, and the pieces also included string, and optional wind parts. Six more pieces followed in 1784, three in 1785 and 1786 and one each in the years of 1788 and 1791. Mozart composed many famous operas that are still known today. In the year of 1786 he composed Le nozze di Figaro in other words (The Marriage of Figaro). Figaro was soon followed by Don Giovanni in 1787. Towards the end of Mozart’s life he created the Magic Flute Opera which was a great success. After that in the final year of his life he created a summer concert series because he needed money. These became the final symphonies he would ever write number 39,40 and 41. These symphonies are very popular in today’s time because they tell the story of Mozart’s life.

11. His Legacy and music will never die -Died at age of 36-Went down in history as the greatest composer of all times-Produced many master pieces and operas for the world Mozart was just beginning to become financially stable when his illness brought an end to his life, and career at the young age of thirty-six. When Mozart died he went down in history as one of the greatest and boldest composers of all time. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was an incredible composer, and person who created many amazing symphonies, concerts and, operas he will never be forgotten.

12. Music History of 40th Symphony in G minor First and second movement

13. -Struggled Financially-Created over 3 dozen symphonies-In 1788 he created his last symphonies 39, 40 and 41 Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was known as one of the greatest composers of all time. He created many wonderful masterpieces that will never be forgotten, and are still being performed today. Mozart composed many symphonies, operas, and concerts his lifetime. Mozart did not have the easiest life he struggled financially for many years. Mozart started composing at the age of 8, and over a period of 16 years created over 3 dozen symphonies. In 1781 when Mozart moved to Vienna Symphonies were becoming less popular there. However, operas by Mozart were selling like no other and became his main source of income because there was little money to be made with symphonies at the time. During that time Mozart still managed to create a few symphonies for “special occasions”. In 1788 Mozart composed three wonderful symphonies that were the last ones he would ever create numbers 39,40 and 41.

14. Towards the end of Mozart’s life and wallet -Experience large amounts of debt-In need of income created summer concert series-Created more happy symphonies 39 and 41 Seven years had passed, and the Turkish war had begun, and the opera was not as popular as it was previously. Mozart’s debt was spiraling out of control “He wrote to his fellow Mason J M Puchberg, “Life becomes impossible when one must bide one’s time between various odd bits of income.” (Roden) Mozart was in desperate need for income so he decided to do a summer concert series. The summer concert series were to be held at a casino in Spiegelgasse in Vienna that Philip Otto had just opened. Mozart imagined the concert series to be a piano concerto after sketching this out the realized that it may not be the best idea. Mozart’s created symphony number 39, and 41 which were known as the more happy symphonies. He also created symphony number 40 which is known for its darker side. All three of the symphonies have a very different diversity but they do share a common feature, because they shift from traditional first movement to their finales, and each finale contains a bravura artistic gesture.

15. Symphony40 -Symphony 40 is very dark and played in the G minor key-Full of emotion and tragedy-This piece will never be forgotten Symphony number 40 really sticks out to me because it is not the usual happy, and upbeat symphonies normally created by Mozart. Symphony 40 is one of his only two symphonies that Mozart created in the minor key. The piece has a very dark mood, and seems aggressive this piece may be that way because he was telling a story about the dark times in his life. Mozart suffered from depression, and became less popular over time, he always had a hard with being financially stable. This piece I feel reflects all of the emotional, and physical struggles he had in his life, and writing this piece gave him a way to release the anger. This piece is full of emotion, and tragedy it is performed in the G minor key. This piece is amazing, because it is full of tragedy, and emotion you can really feel the music. It is kind of sad because this piece describes the hard times in Mozart’s life. However, this piece is very remarkable, and one that many people will never forget.

16. Notes: 0:00 (Exposition theme 1 phase1) There is not really an introduction to the piece it picks up very quickly. The theme is in G minor and sounds very dramatic to me. The texture is homophobic because two or more instruments are playing together. The tone I feel for the hole first movement goes from loud, to louder to very loud. The mood in very intense and exciting. They dynamics are very wide ranged and has various pitches. The violins, strings and woodwinds are playing transitioning between each other. 0:29 (Exposition) I believe this is where the transition to the second theme comes into place or what we would call a bridge. It is very short and the tone is very light and then it leads up to the same repetition that was played in the first 30 seconds this time I feel it is more dramatic and played in a different key. The texture is still homophobic and the rhythm is very quick and slows down to fade into theme two. You can hear the violin and woodwinds together. 0:52 (Exposition Theme 2) The transition into the second theme has been complete. Now the tone calms down quite a bit. The mood is now very cheerful and bright and the rhythm is slower paced. It is played in E flat major, and the instruments heard are the strings and woodwinds. The dynamics are very wide ranged still and the pitch begins to accelerate higher to prepare for the closing theme. 1:16 (Exposition Closing Theme) At this time I believe this is where the closing theme is happening. The dynamic tones go from soft pitched to very high pitched so they display a very wide range. The rhythm becomes very fast and intense displaying a sense of urgency. In the beginning you can hear the bassoons and strings playing very lightly and peacefully. The rhythm begins to speed up which leads up to the full orchestra playing in harmony. You can feel the intensity and passion in the music and a sense of urgency. -Exposition Theme 1 phase 1: Theme is in G minor with a dramatic entrance and the texture is homophobic. Dynamics, and pitch are wide ranged, and the mood is very intense and exciting. -Exposition (bridge): The tone is light and then begins playing a repletion of what was played earlier. This time the repetition is played in a different key and is more dramatic than before. The texture is homophobic and the rhythm is quick and dies down.-Exposition theme 2: The tone is calm and the mood is cheerful and bright. Played in E-flat major. Dynamics are wide range and the pitch increases as it prepares to transition.-Exposition closing theme: Dynamics range from soft pitch to high pitched, rhythm is fast and intense, you can then hear the full orchestra playing in harmony. Mozart’s 40th Symphony in G minor First Movement (Played in Molto Allegro- Meaning very fast)

17. Notes: 2:05 (Exposition theme1 phase 1 repeated) The music then begins to repeat it’s self from the very beginning of the piece. The theme is still in G minor and sounds very dramatic and dark. The texture is homophobic because two or more instruments are playing together. The mood in very intense and exciting. They dynamics are very wide ranged and has various pitches. The violins, strings and woodwinds are playing transitioning between each other. Because this is a repeat of the beginning the tone is still going from loud to louder to very loud. 2:25 (Exposition repeated transition theme) The transition or (bridge) happens here It is very short and the tone is very light. It then leads up to theme 1 that was played in the first 30 seconds and repeats. This time I feel it is more dramatic and seems to possible be played in a different key. The texture is still homophobic and the rhythm is very quick and slows down to fade into theme two. You can hear the violin and woodwinds together playing separate and then together in a homophobic texture. 2:57 (Exposition repeated Theme 2) The transition into the second theme has been complete. Now the tone calms down quite a bit. The mood is now very cheerful and bright and the rhythm is slower paced. It is played in E flat major, and the instruments heard are the strings and woodwinds. The dynamics are very wide ranged still and the pitch begins to accelerate higher to prepare for the closing theme. 3:22 (Exposition repeated Closing Theme) The dynamic tones go from soft pitched to very high pitched so they display a very wide range. The rhythm becomes very fast and intense displaying a sense of urgency. In the beginning you can hear the bassoons and strings playing which leads up to the full orchestra. All of the instruments are playing in harmony and you can feel the passion in the music. You can also here that the music has a ascending chromatic scale. -(Exposition theme1 phase 1 repeated): Repetition from the beginning of the piece is heard. Theme is in G minor, Very dark and dramatic, the texture is homophobic and the dynamics and pitch are wide ranged.-(Exposition repeated transition theme): The tone is light and then begins playing a repletion of what was played earlier. This time the repetition is played in a different key and is more dramatic than before. The texture is homophobic and the rhythm is quick and dies down.-(Exposition repeated Theme 2): Exposition theme 2: The tone is calm and the mood is cheerful and bright. Played in E-flat major. Dynamics are wide range and the pitch increases as it prepares to transition.-(Exposition repeated Closing Theme): Dynamics range from soft pitch to high pitched, rhythm is fast and intense, you can then hear the full orchestra playing in harmony. Analysis continued

18. Notes: (Development them 1 – fragments) The tone of the music is a little softer than what it has previously been. The rhythm starts out slow and then picks up in speed again. You can really hear the violins, cellos and bassoons playing back and forth. The theme is still theme 1 so in a way it is still repeating itself but it a bit softer and the instruments are playing in harmony. The dynamics are more mellow in this particular part but begin to get stronger. 4:30 (Continuation Development theme 1 - fragments) The texture is homophobic and the melody is still in the theme of G minor. The Rhythm is getting faster, and pitch is growing louder and stronger. The instruments that are playing are still the violin, cellos and bassoons. The tone is very strong, and aggressive. 4:56 (Development theme 1- fragments) The tone of the music is now very soft, and peaceful. The rhythm is slow, and the pitch is soft the harmony is homophobic. The woodwinds have now been introduced followed by the violins, upper strings, and then cellos and basses. You can hear the rhythm start to get faster and the tone is ascending becoming very loud and aggressive. 5:20 (Development closing fragment) The woodwinds are playing, the rhythm is slowing down quickly. The tone is very light and peaceful. -(Development them 1 – fragments): Rhythm is slow then increases in speed, and the tone is softer. Theme is still theme 1 and is in repetition, and the dynamics are mellow and gradually increase. You can hear the violins, cellos and bassoons playing back and forth. -(Continuation Development theme 1 - fragments): Theme is still in G minor, the rhythm is growing faster, pitch is becoming louder, and the tone is very strong and aggressive. - (Development theme 1- fragments): Tone is soft and peaceful, rhythm is slow, pitch is low, and the harmony is homophobic. Rhythm is ascending and you can hear the woodwinds, violins, and upper strings. (Development closing fragment) The woodwinds are playing, the rhythm is slowing down quickly. The tone is very light and peaceful. Analysis continued

19. Notes: 5:30 (Recapitulation theme 1, phase 1) The music has begun to repeat itself from the very beginning of the piece again. You can hear the violins and violas playing in harmony with a pulsating rhythm. The strings, and woodwinds join in playing louder. The dynamics are very wide ranged at this point and the tone is powerful. 6:00 (Recapitulation transition theme fragments) The rhythm is quick and the melody I feel is a little more cheerful but in a sense it is still aggressive. You can hear the upper strings, Cellos and basses playing with a pulsating beat. Next to follow is the lower strings playing then it goes back to the higher strings followed by the woodwinds and lower strings. 6:40 (Recapitulation theme 2: modified with fragments) You can hear the woodwinds and strings playing in tonic key G minor. The rhythm has slowed down, and the tone is very sunny, and bright. Then the rhythm starts to pick up in speed and the pitch becomes very loud. 7:15 (Recapitulation closing) The pitch goes from loud to soft to very loud, and the rhythm varies from slow to fast. The tone of the music is very dark, and have a sense of urgency. You can hear the ascending chromatic scale, and the bassoons, and strings being tossed back, and forth. -Recapitulation theme 1, phase 1): Repetition from the beginning of piece, Pulsating rhythm, and the Dynamics are very wide ranged.-(Recapitulation transition theme fragments): Rhythm is fast and melody is cheerful and aggressive. You can hear the upper strings, cellos, and bassoons followed by the woodwinds. -(Recapitulation theme 2: modified with fragments): woodwinds and strings are paying in tonic G minor key. Rhythm changes from slow to fast and the pitch becomes very loud. -(Recapitulation closing): pitch varies from loud to soft to very loud, rhythm changes from slow to fast, and the tone is very dark. Analysis continued

20. Notes: 7:45 ( Recapitulation- coda) Phase 1 begins to move in upper strings, followed by the full orchestra joining in for the finish. The tone is full of intensity, and power and the pitch moves from loud to louder to loudest. The rhythm is very fast and aggressive as it repeats what was played in the very beginning of the piece. 8:12 (Completion of movement 1) The piece comes to a sudden end, and you can feel the emotion, and power of the piece. -( Recapitulation- coda): Tone is very intense, pitch changes from loud to louder, to loudest, and the rhythm is very fast and plays a repetition of the beginning of the piece again. -(Completion of movement 1): The piece comes to a sudden end, and you can feel the emotion, and power of the piece. Analysis Ending

21. Notes: 0:00 (theme A) The rhythm starts out at a slow pace, and gradually becomes faster. The melody is bright, and cheerful, and gives me a sense of curiosity. The texture is andante, and the pitch ranges from low to high. The dynamics are wide ranges, and the music I feel provides excited from it's varied pitches, and speeds. 30:00 (theme A) The melody begins to repeat what was just played. The rhythm, and speed go from slow and become faster. The pitch still ranges from low to high, and the dynamics are still wide ranged. The strings instruments are playing in harmony. 1:00 ( theme A)The woodwinds are now being introduced to the piece. The melody in a way is still playing a repetition of theme A. The rhythm is ascending from slow to fast, and the pitch goes from low to very high. The dynamics are very wide ranged because you can hear the different instruments playing, and different tones. The overall tone for this sections is very energetic and cheerful. 1:41 (theme A) The pitch of the music is extremely loud, and the tone is very intense. I believe all of the string, and woodwind instruments are playing together in harmony. The tone of this part I feel gives a sense of power, and control. 1:51 (theme A) The pitch of the music rapidly starts to descend to a soft, and cheerful tone. You can hear the string instruments playing the lead while the woodwind are in the background. The rhythm of the music starts to gradually increase as well as the pitch. At this point I feel that the whole orchestra is playing giving the audience a sense of power. 2:26 (Theme A) The melody of the music calms down again and it very peaceful, and light. The rhythm is at a slow pace again, and the pitch is soft you can hear the string instruments playing together in harmony. The music is basically still repeating itself. 2:58 (Theme A) The melody is still peaceful, and calming you can really hear the string instruments in this part and barely, and woodwinds. The rhythm is slow - moderate paced, and the tone is happy. The dynamics are wide ranged, and the texture is andante still. -Theme (A): Rhythm is slow paced, melody is bright and cheerful, texture is andante and pitch ranges from low to high and dynamics are wide ranged.-Theme (A): Repetition of what was played previously.Theme (A): The woodwinds are introduced, repetition of beginning still playing, rhythm changes from slow to fast and pitch changes from low to high. Dynamics are very wide ranged and the tone is very energetic.-Theme (A): Pitch is very loud, the tone is intense, and you can hear the string and woodwind instruments playing. -Theme (A): pitch descends to soft tone, you can hear woodwinds in the lead, they pitch and rhythm then begins to increase and you can feel the power in the music.-Theme (A):The melody of the music calms down, The rhythm is slow-moderate, and dynamics are wide ranged. Mozart's 40th Symphony in G minor 2nd Movement (Second Movement: Played in andante)

22. Notes: 3:30 (Theme A) You can hear the music start to repeat itself again however, you can hear the woodwinds complementing the string instruments giving it a beautiful harmony. The melody is still bright, and cheerful and the rhythm changes rapidly from slow to faster paced. The dynamics are still very wide ranged, and the melody is lovely. 4:00 (Theme A) The woodwinds are now the main instruments playing again, and the strings are in the background complementing the woodwinds displaying a beautiful harmony. The melody is very calming, and peaceful while the rhythm starts out slow, and gradually increases in speed. The dynamics vary a lot because the pitch is going from low to high and the speeds are changing rapidly. 4:30 Theme (A) The pitch of the music varies from loud to louder to loudest, and the rhythm gradually increases in speed. The melody begins to feel more dramatic because the rhythm is picking up speed. The dynamics are varying a lot, and you can hear both the woodwinds, and strings playing very loudly together in harmony. 5:03 Theme (A) The rhythm of the music drops back down to slow, and the tone clams down. The melody becomes very soft, and peaceful again. The woodwinds, and strings are playing very lightly to prepare to move to Theme B. -Theme (A): Repetition of music previously played, woodwinds compliment string instruments, dynamics are wide ranged, melody is lovely.-Theme (A): Woodwinds are dominant instrument, melody is calming and peaceful, they rhythm is slow and picks up in speed, pitch changes from low to high and dynamics are very wide ranged. -Theme (A) Pitch ranges from loud to louder, rhythm begins to increase in speed, dynamics vary, and you can hear the woodwinds and strings.Theme (A): Rhythm descends, tone is calming, melody is soft and you can woodwinds and strings playing very lightly. Analysis continued

23. Notes: 5:50 (Theme B) At this point the rhythm is now descending along with the pitch. It is at a slow to moderate speed, however I feel the melody is still intense even with the softer pitches. You can hear the woodwind instruments very clearly, and the strings in between. 6:10 (Theme A repetition) The melody almost sounds like it is playing theme A but it sounds different as well. The rhythm goes from moderate to fast back to moderate, and the pitch is also changing from low, to high, to higher. The dynamics are very wide ranged, and the instruments I feel transition back and forth between woodwinds to strings. The tone of the music is very intense, and really graves your attention. 6:30 ( Theme A repetition) The tone of the music calms down again, and starts to repeat the slower parts of theme A. You can hear the dynamics of the music change often, as the pitch goes from loud, louder back to soft. The string instruments are playing together in harmony, and you can also hear the ascents of the woodwinds. The tone of this part I feel is still very strong, and then calms down to a peaceful state as it prepares to end. 7:40 (End) Rhythm of the music slowed down and the tone was very soft. The harmony was beautiful as the woodwinds, and strings came to a very slow ending. The texture of the whole piece was lyrical, and andante as the whole entire piece was very dynamic -Theme (B): Theme B is introduced, rhythm is ascending, pitch is very loud and strong, modified dynamics, and whole orchestra is playing. -Theme (B): Rhythm and pitch have descended to slow moderate speed, melody is intense, and you can hear the woodwinds intensity with strings in the background. -( Theme A repetition): Tone is slow and repetition of part A begins, dynamics are changing often, pitch is changing from loud to soft. You can hear the string instruments playing in harmony, the tone begins to calm down again. -(Ending): Rhythm is slow, and tone very light. You can hear the woodwinds and strings descending to a beautiful ending. End of analysis

24. Work Cited Sherrane, Robert. "Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart." Music History 102. Ipl2, n.d. Web. 03 Oct. 2013. (2) "Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (Austrian Composer)." Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, n.d. Web. 03 Oct. 2013. (1)