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Good Morning 早 安

Good Morning 早 安. Recent Achievements in Regulating Nuclear Activities in Taiwan. By Huan-Tong Chen, Ph.D. Director of AEC’s Fuel Cycle and Materials Administration For Dr. Min-Shen Ouyang Minister of the Atomic Energy Council, ROC Sydney, 17 October 2006. Outline. Introduction

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Good Morning 早 安

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  1. Good Morning早 安

  2. Recent Achievements in Regulating Nuclear Activities in Taiwan By Huan-Tong Chen, Ph.D. Director of AEC’s Fuel Cycle and Materials Administration For Dr. Min-Shen Ouyang Minister of the Atomic Energy Council, ROC Sydney, 17 October 2006

  3. Outline • Introduction • Nuclear Power and Performance • Reactor Safety • Radiation Protection • Radioactive Waste Management • Concluding Remarks

  4. Introduction

  5. National Policy • 2000: Nuclear-free society initiative 2000 • 2002: Environmental Basic Law passed; Nuclear-free society policy in place. • 2003: Bill drafted for implementation • 2006: Bill awaits review by legislators Meanwhile…

  6. International Trend • “Kyoto Protocol” took effect Feb 2005 • Creeping oil price; gas pipeline dispute • More leading environmentalists and policy makers realized value of nuclear power • Especially important for countries with scarce energy sources

  7. Role of AEC • Making nuclear power plants safer • Reactor safety • Radiation protection • Waste management • Emergency preparedness • Environmental Monitoring • Research support by INER

  8. Nuclear PowerandNPP Safety Performance

  9. Nuclear Power Overview • Taiwan has three NPSs in operation. • Chinshan 1st NPP: GE BWR4x2 • Kuosheng 2nd NPP: GE BWR6x2 • Maanshan 3rd NPP: WH PWRX2 • Electricity from nuclear in 2005: 17.6% • Lungmen NPS is under construction: GE ABWRX2 • Operation expected in 2009

  10. NPP Performance in 2005 Average capacity factors of all six units • Abnormal events: • Avg. 1.5 • Auto scrams: • Avg. 0.5 • Average C/F: 88.7% • Kuosheng-1 and Maanshan-1 listed • top 50.

  11. NPP Performance in 2005 • Chinshan-1: record-long continuous operation of 538 days • Kousheng-1 & 2: no auto scram for 3 years • Maanshan-2: shortest refueling outage of 33.5 days in TPC’s history

  12. Lungmen Project • Construction 58.1% completion by Aug 2006. • Lungmen-1 RPV installed on 21 Mar 2005. • Lungmen-2 RPV installed on 5 Oct 2006. • Commercial Operation: • July 2009 for Lungmen-1 • July 2010 for Lungmen-2

  13. Reactor Safety

  14. Color Designation of Safety Significance • NPP performance evaluated by analyzing • Performance indicators (PI’s) by TPC • Inspection findings by AEC • Three cornerstones of safety evaluated quarterly • Initiating events ( 3 PI’s ) • Mitigating systems ( 5 PI’s ) • Barrier integrity ( 2 PI’s ) • Inspection findings are color-designatedsimilarly

  15. Color Designation of Safety Significance Performance Indicators Inspection Findings

  16. Recent and Ongoing Activities to Enhance Nuclear Safety • Enhanced investigation and inspection on EMI of safety related systems etc. • Other regulatory activities: • Urge TPC to recruit and train younger licensed operators • Adopt RIFA • Enforce underground cable monitoring program • Inspect BWR control rod crack • Request TPC to evaluate grid stability • Set a forum for discussion BWR fuel channel bow and fuel failure issues.

  17. Review of Foreseeing Applications • Review foreseeing applications on • MUR power uprate • FSAR of Lungmen NPP • license renewal of Chinshan NPP • implementation of maintenance rules • World experiences in operation and regulatory practices are instrumental.

  18. Radiation Protection

  19. Dose Optimization – ALARA • TPC launched a voluntary program of improving performance, enhancing reactor safety, and reducing workers’ exposure. • Detailed plans with target values for each NPP (ref. WANO indicators). • Each plant adopted administrative actions and technical measures to ensure radiation safety and optimize dose (ALARA). • “removal of radioactive sources” played a key role in dose reduction. • Efforts began to pay off after 3 years.

  20. 14 13.16 Maintenance Unit one outage Unit two outage 11.30 12 10.46 9.84 10 9.44 8.87 8.21 7.99 7.49 7.45 8 man-Sv 6.57 6.33 6.40 5.80 5.39 5.56 6 5.27 5.40 4.95 4.69 4.35 4 3.11 3.19 3.15 2.93 2.65 2.07 2 1.22 0 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 year Dose optimization at NPP1 • In 2004: • Avg. 1.13mSv • No one >20mSv • Collective dose 1.03 man-Sv/unit (1st qtr of WANO list) • In 2005: • Outage coll. dose 1.24/1.03 (avg. 3 for 28 years) • “Adopt-a-task” awarded by TPC as best practice Outage collective dose at Chinshan plant, man-Sv

  21. Enhancing control of sealed radioactive sources • Mar. 2004: For tighter control of sealed sources, AEC established online reporting via Internet, encouraging owners to conduct monthly reporting voluntarily. • Over 90% owners reported regularly. • Since 2005: This initiative has been successfully incorporated into existing practice.

  22. Enhancing control of sealed radioactive sources • To further conform to IAEA’s Code of Conduct and guidance document (25 Dec 2005) for Categories I&II radioactive sources: • Informed IAEA of commitment • Established inventory • Revised regulations on import and export (29 Dec 2005) • Conducting Inspection and establishing management plan to expedite handling

  23. Radioactive WasteManagement

  24. Spent Fuel Management • Strategy • Near term : pool storage • Medium term : onsite dry storage • Long term : deep geological disposal • Dry Storage • Two-step licensing: construction and operation • TPC’s Milestones for Chinshan NPP: • 2006 submit construction license application • 2009 begin fuel loading • Environmental impact statement reviewed by EPA

  25. Deep Geological Disposal of SF • Repository to be constructed: 2045-2055 • Feasibility study report: 2009 • Current studies: • Geologic investigations • engineering barrier research • performance assessment research • public acceptance program

  26. Volume reduction of LLRW • The “waste” law of 2002 requires reduction of LLRW. • HEST by INER • At NPP3: 10 drums/unit/yr • At NPP2: since June 2006 Solidified Waste Generation from 3 NPPs in Taiwan

  27. Final disposal of LLRW • As required by the “Nuclear Materials and Radioactive Waste Management Act”, TPC submitted a final disposal plan; AEC reviews semi-annually. • “The Establishment of LLRW Disposal Facility Act” passed in April 2006.

  28. Final disposal of LLRW • According to these two laws: • The disposal plan shall be implemented by TPC; • Siting committee organized by MOEA; will suggestat least two recommended sites, local government may propose volunteer sites; • Referendum of local residents mandatory before MOEA decides on a candidate site; • Incentive package of NT$5 billion to be drawn from the Nuclear Backend Fund to the hosting county/township; • Investigations and selection of potential sites now under way, disposal facility is expected to be operational around 2016.

  29. Concluding Remarks

  30. Committed to International Standards and Norms • Communication tests with IAEA and USNRC on nuclear emergency conventions. • National reports for IAEA’s nuclear safety and waste management conventions peer-reviewed. • Safeguards inspection following NPT; Additional Protocol established since 1998.

  31. 謝 謝Thank You

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