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Infrared Camera from Wii System to Track Ultrasound Probe and Create 3-D Image

Infrared Camera from Wii System to Track Ultrasound Probe and Create 3-D Image. Vanderbilt University Department of Biomedical Engineering Van Gambrell Laura Owen Steven Walston Jonathan Whitfield Advisor Dr. Christopher Lee - Department of Neurology. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.

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Infrared Camera from Wii System to Track Ultrasound Probe and Create 3-D Image

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  1. Infrared Camera from Wii System to Track Ultrasound Probe and Create 3-D Image Vanderbilt University Department of Biomedical Engineering Van Gambrell Laura Owen Steven Walston Jonathan Whitfield Advisor Dr. Christopher Lee - Department of Neurology

  2. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis • ALS is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that causes atrophy of voluntary muscles through degradation of motor neurons • The size, shape, and structural makeup of muscles like the bicep can be good indicators of the severity of the disease

  3. 20-30 thousand people in the US have ALS Doctors diagnose approximately 5,000 new cases every year. Once diagnosed, a person with ALS is only expected to live 3-5 years. Understanding the effects of the disease should help increase the life expectancy and in time hopefully cure it ALS in the United States Stephen Hawking

  4. Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Neurology Department  Dr. Lee specializes in evaluating muscle ultrasound in ALS patients He uses this information to determine early clinical and electrodiagnostic features of critical illness polyneuropathy and myopathy Dr. Christopher Lee

  5. Imaging Muscles MRI MRI • Great images • But expensive, time consuming, and immobile • Current standard Ultrasound • Images comparable to MRI • Cheaper • Short imaging time • 2D linear images acquired by free hand • Difficult to make a reproducible 3D image  Ultrasound

  6. Imaging Machinery Ultrasound MRI • Cost: • Typical MRI Machine: $3 Million • Size: • 490 Square Feet • Mobile: • Not Mobile • Cost:  • Sonosite Titan: $16,500 • Size: • Small laptop • 8" LCD • Mobile: • Portable docking station • 4 hour battery life

  7. Could 3-D Ultrasound be a good alternative to MRI • Can the location and position of the ultrasound probe be monitored? • Can a three dimensional image of muscle be generated using the signal from the probe and correlating it with the data of the orientation of the US probe? • Will an imaging system that fulfills these two questions be effective, portable, and cost efficient? • Will the monitoring of muscle volume be effective in researching treatments for ALS?

  8. Solution Design • Objective is to use 2 Wii-mote CCD's to track infrared LEDs • x and y position from each wii mote to calculate position in 3D • Using a triangulation algorithm to determine the position of the LED in 3 dimensional space using the 2 Wii-motes • Wii-mote can track up to four infrared emitters at one time • Placement of the LEDs will allow the tracking of the probe in 3-D space • Using the gyroscope from the Wii Motion Plus we will be able obtain the yaw, pitch, and roll information of the US probe

  9. Status and Results • Wiimote simultaneously tracks 4 infrared LEDs in 2D space  • Wrote a triangulation algorithm that computes 3D location from the 2 sets of data • Determined the camera calibration information, including focal length and other matrix information • Calculated a centroid to return one data set for 4 IR light sources • Ordered the WiiMotion Plus, Andruino, and adapter • Have Opensource code to return the Yaw, Pitch and Roll data from the WM+ and Andruino • Determined sampling rate to be 60 Hz

  10. Data Transfer Schematic

  11. Arduino is an open source prototyping platform that can interface with the Wii-Motion Plus and the computer to provide angular data from the U.S. probe Wii-Motion Plus has much more sensitive accelerometers than the wii mote that can provide 6 degrees of freedom to correctly establish the U.S. probe's orientation. Wii-Motion Plus and Arduino

  12. Physical Schematic

  13. Estimated Final Cost of Design • Wii Motes: $39.99  • X 2 = $79.98 • Wii Motion Plus: $17.96 • Adruino: $30.00 • Adruino + Wii Motion Plus Adapter: $4.00 • Circuit Electronics: $15 • LEDs, Resistors, Battery, Wires • System Mount: ~$20.00 • Arm Stabilizer: ~$18.00 • Unforeseen Additions: ~$40.00 • Final Cost: ~$225.00

  14. Known Problems • Infrared signals from external sources can interfere with LED signals • The IR LEDs emit signal in a conical area (limited view) • Potential accuracy problems • Incorrect centroid calculations due to blocked IR LED

  15. Wiimote Sensitivity • 2 infrared LEDs 30.48cm apart • Error = -2.46mm ± 2.23 (mean ± std) 

  16. Current Work Plans • Set up the Wii Motion Plus + Adruino • Use the Opensource Software to obtain working gyroscope data • Sync wiimote and ultrasound acquisition rates • Interface the system with the 3-D reconstruction software

  17. Future Work Plans By March 1st • Physically attach the WiiMotion+ device to US probe • Create a mounting system for the IR cameras •  Use the position data to tag Ultrasound images and create a 3 dimensional image  Mid March • Begin taking samples for data analysis April • Have completed data acquisition • Quality assessment

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