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Greece

Greece. 1750 – 133 BCE. I. Geography Multi-Flow Map. Separate city states. Short mountain ranges cut up the mainland. Little unity. Geography of Greece. Encouraged fishing and trade. No important rivers. Surrounded by sea. Phoenician alphabet spread. Long, irregular coastline.

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Greece

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  1. Greece 1750 – 133 BCE

  2. I. Geography Multi-Flow Map Separate city states Short mountain ranges cut up the mainland Little unity Geography of Greece Encouraged fishing and trade No important rivers Surrounded by sea Phoenician alphabet spread Long, irregular coastline

  3. II. Early Greeks A. The Minoans • Developed on the island of Crete • Economy based on TRADE Around this vase are hoplites (foot soldiers) on dolphins, showing the importance of seas Ruins of the Palace of King Minos at Knossos

  4. the Palace of King Minos at Knossos

  5. B. The Myceneans (MY SUH NEE UNZ) • Conquered Greece and Crete • Dominated Aegean trade The mask of Agamemnon comes from a grave that dates from around 1600 BCE. Myceneans sometimes put gold masks over significant peoples’ faces.

  6. 1. The Trojan War (1250 BCE) • War over trade between Greeks and Troy • Legend: War over a girl! (Helen) • Trojan prince Paris kidnapped Helen, wife of a Greek king and most beautiful woman on Earth • Greeks went to get her back and left the “Trojan Horse” filled with hidden warriors • Trojan brought it in and Greeks burned the city.

  7. No! Not THAT Homer! 2. Homer • He was a blind poet • He wrote The Iliad AND The Odyssey

  8. 3. Changes in Warfare • Bronze weapons replaced by iron • Phalanx- a massive formation of heavily armed foot soldiers

  9. Mrs. Agosta’s dad when he was 8 dressed in a traditional Greek uniform.

  10. III. The Polis • A city-state • Acropolis- high part of the city w/ temples

  11. Athens

  12. A. Athens • Democracy- rule by the people • Limited democracy- only male landowners could vote • Had a Legislature- lawmaking body • Direct democracy- citizens directly vote on issues

  13. B. Sparta • Military state • Monarchy: rule by king Sparta

  14. Boys began military training at age 7 • Girls encouraged to exercise to produce healthy sons • Sick kids were abandoned

  15. C. Other City States • Corinth • Delphi

  16. IV. Greek Religion • Polytheistic • Gods and goddesses lived on Mount Olympus • Zeus was head of the gods

  17. V. ConflictsA. Persian Wars • 490 BCE • The Greeks beat the Persians at Marathon & sent a man back 26.2 miles to Athens to tell of the victory Asia Minor

  18. Ten years later the Greeks unified to defeat Persians again.

  19. B. Peloponnesian War • 431 BCE • Delian League (Athens & its allies) vs. the Peloponnesian League (Sparta and its allies) • Persians helped Sparta defeat Athens

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