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Solutions

Solutions. Solution Process. “Surround and Separate” Particles of the solvent pull particles of solute into solution. Dissociation Another Look. Terminology. Solute – smaller amount that gets dissolved Solvent- larger amount that dissolves the solute Soluble-able to dissolve miscible

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Solutions

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  1. Solutions

  2. Solution Process • “Surround and Separate” • Particles of the solvent pull particles of solute into solution

  3. Dissociation • Another Look

  4. Terminology • Solute – smaller amount that gets dissolved • Solvent- larger amount that dissolves the solute • Soluble-able to dissolve • miscible • Insoluble- unable to dissolve • immiscible • Precipitate-insoluble product of a double displacement reactions

  5. Speeding Up Solutions • Agitation • Stirring makes particles collide more often • Surface Area • Grinding up a solute makes it easier to “surround and separate” them into solution • Temperature • Heating a solution speeds up the particles, increasing the number of collisions • NOTE: When dissolving a gas in a liquid, a colder liquid slows down the gas particles and dissolves more total gas

  6. Which method of speeding up a solution explains why a powdered aspirin works faster than a tablet? • Agitation • Surface Area • Temperature

  7. Which method of speeding up a solution explains why sugar dissolves better in fresh tea than iced tea? • Agitation • Surface Area • Temperature

  8. Which method of speeding up a solution explains why Kool-Aid powder has to be stirred into water? • Agitation • Surface Area • Temperature

  9. Which method of speeding up a solution explains why you can’t make “Cold Chocolate”out of “Hot Chocolate” powder? • Agitation • Surface Area • Temperature

  10. Which method of speeding up a solution explains why soup mix dissolves faster than bouillon cubes? • Agitation • Surface Area • Temperature

  11. Solubility • Describes how well a substance will dissolve in 100g of water at a given temperature • Differs with each substance and temperature

  12. Amounts of Solute • Unsaturated • Solution has not dissolved as much solute as it can hold • More solute can be dissolved • Any point below the saturation line • Saturated • Solution has dissolved as much solute as it can hold • No more solute can be dissolved • Any point on the saturation line • Supersaturated • Solution has dissolved more solute than it can hold • A point above the saturation line • Solute will come out of solution if disturbed until it reaches the Saturation Point

  13. What is the solubility of NaNO3 at 10C? • 72 g • 80 g • 96 g • 105 g

  14. How much NH4Cl would precipitate from a saturated solution that cools from 90C to 50C? • 70 g • 50 g • 20 g • 120 g

  15. How much more KClO3 could be added to form a saturated solution that goes from 30C to 90C? • 50 g • 10 g • 40 g • 0 g

  16. Solubility Curve Review saturated unsaturated

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