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Fungal Nail Infection: causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment

A fungal nail infection occurs due to the overgrowth of fungi on the toenail, fingernail, or under the toe of the nail known as nail bed. Fungal nail infection is not a serious problem, but may hamper the appearance of nail and cause damage to the nails.<br>

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Fungal Nail Infection: causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment

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  1. FUNGAL NAIL INFECTION SYMPTOMS | CAUSES | DIAGNOSIS | TREATMENT

  2. INTRODUCTION TO FUNGAL NAIL INFECTION • A fungal nail infection occurs due to the overgrowth of fungi on the toenail, fingernail, or under the toe of the nail known as nail bed. • Fungal nail infection is not a serious problem, but may hamper the appearance of nail and cause damage to the nails. • Fungal nail infectionis highly contagious and can spread easily to healthy person from an infected person. • Fungal nail infection occurs more in toenails than fingernails. 

  3. CAUSES OF FUNGAL NAIL INFECTION • The overgrowth of fungi in the nails is one of the most common causes of fungal nail infection. • Fungi are already present on our bodies, but become active when we come in contact with the person who has a fungal nail infection. • Living in warm and moist temperature may also cause fungal nail infection as fungi flourishes under warm temperature. • The risk of developing a fungal nail infection also increases if anyone in the family has fungal nail infection.

  4. SYMPTOMS OF FUNGAL NAIL INFECTION The common symptoms of fungal nail infection include:  • Turning of nail color into pale yellow • Broken or brittle nails • Formation of debris under the nail • White spots on the nail • Damaged nail surface • Pain in the nails • Loss of nail • Odor from the infected nail • Scaling under the nail

  5. RISK FACTORS FOR FUNGAL NAIL INFECTION These are some of the few factors that increase the chance of developing a fungal nail infection: • Weak immune system • Uncontrolled diabetes • Wearing artificial nails • Poor circulation of blood • People older than 60 • Living in hot and humid weather • Nail injury

  6. DIAGNOSIS OF FUNGAL NAIL INFECTION A dermatologist will start the diagnosis of fungal nail infection by performing a physical exam and asking about your medical history. Lab tests to examine fungal nail infection include:  • Potassium hydroxide test to check for the development of fungi on the nails. • Nail biopsy includes taking the sample of the affected tissue and observing it under the microscope. • Fungal culture test to check for the growth of fungi on the nails.

  7. TREATMENT OF FUNGAL NAIL INFECTION • Anti-fungal medicines such as diflucan, gris-peg, and lamisil may be given to a patient to slow down fungal nail infection. • A dermatologist may also prescribe antifungal gels and creams to prevent fungal nail infection from developing further. • Sometime he may have to perform a nail removal surgery. A patient with fungal nail infection can also apply tea tree oil or neem oil directly over the affected area to get rid of fungal nail infection. • Keep the nails trimmed and clean to prevent the recurrence of fungal nail infection. 

  8. PREVENTING FUNGAL NAIL INFECTION • Wear socks to avoid moisture • Use antifungal soap for cleaning the fungal nail infection • Avoid the use of artificial nails and nail polish • Do not share your own items for manicure or pedicure • Keep the areas between nails dry

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