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Government

Government. How governments determine citizen participation ( role in government/ power ): AUTOCRACY OLIGARCHY DEMOCRACY. Citizen Participation. Different governments decide a citizens’ role in government differently

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Government

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  1. Government

  2. How governments determine citizen participation • (rolein government/power): • AUTOCRACY • OLIGARCHY • DEMOCRACY

  3. Citizen Participation • Different governments decide a citizens’ role in government differently • The government can share none, little, or most of its power with its citizens

  4. Citizen’s Role (Power) • MANY RIGHTS • Voting • Freedom of speech • Freedom of religion • Freedom of the press NO RIGHTS

  5. 3 main ways governments determine citizen participation. . . • autocratic • oligarchic • democratic

  6. Democracy: DEMOCRATIC rule by all OLIGARCHIC rule by the few AUTOCRATIC rule by one Oligarchy: Autocracy:

  7. Autocratic • Rule by One: One person has unlimited power • The citizen has almost no role in the government • Ruler is a monarch (ex. King, Queen, Emperor) or dictator

  8. Oligarchy • Rule by a Few (group): A small group has control • The citizen has a very limited role

  9. WARNING!Autocracy & Oligarchy • Sometimes claim to rule for the people. • In reality, the people have very little say in both types of government. • Example - may hold elections with only onecandidate or fake the election results • Example - even when these governments have a legislature (branch that makeslaws), they often only approve decisions made by the leaders.

  10. Democracy • Rule by All: Citizens vote on government representatives & on specific issues • People have the most power • Ruler is usually a president or prime minister

  11. Now that you know the definitions, look at these three pictures. Decide which government each picture matches. Cut them out, glue them down next to the correct government.

  12. AUTOCRATC rule by one OLIGARCHIC rule by the few DEMOCRATIC rule by all

  13. Balloon Demonstration

  14. BalloonDemonstration You (sticky note)= CITIZEN Balloon = POWER Bag holder = RULER Be thinking . . . What kind of governmentare we representing with our actions?

  15. Balloon Demonstration Government #1 – Everyone giving up a balloon to ONE ruler Government #2 – Everyone giving up a balloon to a small GROUP of rulers Government #3 - Everyone holding a balloon

  16. Citizen’s Role (Power) • Voting • Freedom of speech • Freedom of religion • Freedom of the press NO RIGHTS Autocratic (one) Oligarchic (few) Democratic (all)

  17. Think of one example from your own life for EACH type of government (autocracy, oligarchy, democracy) Write 1 example per slip of paper DO NOT write the type of government (autocracy, oligarchy, democracy) b/c your classmates will be guessing this Staple the 3 slips of paper together. Staple them in a RANDOM ORDER. Real World Examples

  18. Citizen’s Role (Power) • Voting • Freedom of speech • Freedom of religion • Freedom of the press NO RIGHTS Autocratic (one) Oligarchic (few) Democratic (all) Dictatorship Republic Theocracy Constitutional Monarchy Absolute Monarchy Communism

  19. Citizen’s Role (Power) • Voting • Freedom of speech • Freedom of religion • Freedom of the press NO RIGHTS Autocratic (one) Absolute Monarchy Dictatorship

  20. Examples of Autocratic Gov’ts Dictatorships • Citizens unwillingly follow the ideas of a single leader • The government controls all parts of citizens’ lives through military force or threats • Citizens don’t have the power to change their ruler • Examples- Hitler (Germany), Mussolini (Italy), Stalin (Russia), Hussein (Iraq)

  21. Examples of Autocratic Gov’ts Absolute Monarchy • Monarch has unlimited power • Position is usually inherited (from parents or other relatives) • Citizens don’t have the power to change to ______ their ruler • Absolute monarchs are rare today but from the 1400s to the 1700s they ruled most of Western Europe • Example – Saudi Arabia

  22. Citizen’s Role (Power) • Voting • Freedom of speech • Freedom of religion • Freedom of the press NO RIGHTS Oligarchic (few) Communism Theocracy

  23. Examples of OligarchyTheocracy • Citizens may only elect leaders from a group of religious experts. • Leaders claim to rule on the behalf of a god. • Elected religious experts make god’s laws into government laws • EX: IRAN

  24. Examples of OligarchyCommunism • Citizens may only elect leaders from the Communist party • The communist political group holds all the power in the government • The communist government plans and controls the economy too • EX: CHINA

  25. Examples of OligarchyCommunism • a single political party holds power • state controls are forced • NO private ownership of property • All goods are to be equally shared by the people (ex. classless society)

  26. Communism: The Beginning • Began as a revolution to overthrow the rich and give poor workers more wealth and freedom • END GOAL: an EQUAL society with no economic classes (EX. NO upper class, middle class, lower classes)

  27. Communism: The Symbol • Sickle & the Hammer • Two tools are symbols of the industrial workers and the farmers • Placing them together symbolizes the unity between industrial and agricultural workers

  28. Mao Zedong CHINA Fidel Castro CUBA Karl Marx FOUNDER Joseph Stalin SOVIET UNION Vladimir Lenin SOVIET UNION

  29. Citizen’s Role (Power) • Voting • Freedom of speech • Freedom of religion • Freedom of the press NO RIGHTS Democratic (all) Constitutional Monarchy Republic

  30. Examples of Democratic Gov’t Republic • Citizens elect representatives from any group to rule and make laws for them • Citizens can vote out their leaders if they don’t like the way they are governing

  31. Examples of Democratic Gov’t Constitutional Monarchy • Monarch (King/Queen/Emperor) must follow the laws of the constitution and usually has no government power • Citizens elect representatives from any group to rule and make laws for them • Citizens can vote out their leaders if they don’t like how they are governing

  32. FIGURE HEAD The purpose of the figurehead was often to indicate the name of the ship in a non-literate society and always, in the case of naval ships, to demonstrate the wealth and might of the owner.

  33. Examples of Democratic Gov’t Constitutional Monarchy • Monarch → inherits title →has no real power (figure-head) • Prime Minister/President →elected by citizens →holds the real government power

  34. How leaders get power . . . • You are receiving six pictures. • Each box illustrates how the leaders in each gov’t (dictatorship, republic, theocracy, etc.) get their power. • Figure out which illustration goes with each gov’t example and glue it down under the explanation.

  35. Leader gets power through military force Dictatorship Absolute Monarchy Leader gets power through relatives (inheritance) Leader gets power through religious group Theocracy Leader gets power through political party Communism Republic Leader gets power through citizen elections Leader gets power through election (true power) & inheritance (figure-head) Constitutional Monarchy

  36. Citizen’s Role (Power) • MANY RIGHTS • Voting • Freedom of speech • Freedom of religion • Freedom of the press NO RIGHTS Autocratic (one) Oligarchic (few) Democratic (all) Dictatorship Republic Theocracy Constitutional Monarchy Absolute Monarchy Communism

  37. Citizen’s Role (Power) • Voting • Freedom of speech • Freedom of religion • Freedom of the press NO RIGHTS Democratic (all) Constitutional Monarchy Republic

  38. Democratic (all) Rule by All: Citizens vote on government representatives & on specific issuesPeople have the most power Each elects their branches of government differently Prime Minister President Constitutional Monarchy Presidential Parliament Republic Parliamentary

  39. 2 main forms of democratic governments . . . • Presidential • Parliamentary Each elects their branches of government differently

  40. Separation of Powers • In 1787, the founding fathers wrote the Constitution, the document which establishes the basic principles of the American government. • The Constitution calls for a separation of powers that divides the powers and duties of the government between three separate branches of government.

  41. Branches of Government • EXAMPLES • President or Prime Minister • Vice President • Cabinets/Agencies - Departments of Agriculture, Defense, Education, Health, Homeland Security, Transportation, etc. Enforces Laws - makes sure laws are carried out Interprets laws – settles arguments about laws Makes laws • EXAMPLES • Congress (Senate & House of Representatives) • Parliament • EXAMPLES • Supreme Court • District courts & juries

  42. Balance of Power • Each branch has its own responsibilities and at the same time the branches work together to make the country run smoothly and to assure that the rights of citizens are not ignored or disallowed. • This is done through checks and balances. A branch may use its powers to check the powers of the other two in order to maintain a balance of power among the three branches of government.

  43. Branches of Government Enforces Laws Interprets laws Makes laws

  44. What is the difference between these 2 pictures? The citizens vote for the branches of government differently President Prime Minister Parliament

  45. Presidential DemocracyCitizens vote for EVERY branch of gov’t President

  46. Parliamentary DemocracyCitizens DO NOT vote for Executive Branch Prime Minister Parliament

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