OSHA 10 Review

1. OSHA 10 Review

2. General Introduction

3. Why OSHA -10 Reference: 21 Irrefutable Laws of Leadership by John Maxwell

4. History of OSHA • Why the need for oversight • 1970 13,870 • More workers died each year than the population of Alexandria and Glenwood Minnesota. • 2.2 million could not work due to injuries • Paris, France boasts a population of 2.2 million • Houston, Texas boast a population of roughly 2 million • Toronto, Canada boast a population of 2.7 million • 2010 - 4,690 worksite fatalities • Is awareness working?

5. OSHA Standards • OSHA -1910 General Industry • OSHA -1926 Construction • OSHA -1915, 1917, 1918 Maritime • OSHA -1928 Agriculture Which standard governs our industry?

6. Who is Not Covered by OSHA • Self employed • Family farm • Outside hired help is covered by OSHA • Family members only • Mine workers • Covered by MSHA • A few isolated transportation segments • Atomic energy workers • Covered by other Federal Agencies Reference: OSHA 10 General Industry Training Slides Alexandria Technical College

7. Minnesota Specifics • Must develop an AWAIR program. • Workplace accident and injury reduction • Employee Right To Know • Must have an annual refresher training (OSHA requires initial training) • Employer paid PPE’s • Federal final rules also require employer paid PPE’s • Safety Committees • All firms with more than 25 employees must have a safety committee

8. Minnesota Specifics (cont) • Recordkeeping • Requires all employers to use OSHA 300 logs • Confined Spaces • Adopted the use of permitting for all Minnesota workers • Lockout / Tagout • MN has its own Lockout/Tagout procedures for construction industry. Reference: http://www.dli.mn.gov/OSHA/FedState.asp

9. Employee Rights • Right to a safe and healthful workspace • Examples: machine guarding, noise levels, hazardous chemical protection • Right to know about Hazardous Chemicals • Examples: written program, container labeling, MSDS • Right to information about injuries and illnesses • Examples: OSHA 301, 300 &300a • Retain records for 5 years Reference: OSHA 10 General Industry Training Slides Alexandria Technical College

10. Employee Rights (cont) • Right to complain or request hazard correction • Without fear of discharge or discrimination • Right to receive training on a variety of H&S subjects • Examples: ERTK, LOTO, PPE’s, Confined Spaces • Right to file a complaint with OSHA • Right to examine exposure and medical records Reference: Ibid

11. Employee Rights (cont) • Right to participate in an OSHA inspection • Talk with the OSHA inspector privately • Request inspection results • Object to correction dates • Right to be free from retaliation • Employee responsibilities • Follow all safety rules, health rules • Wear all required PPE’s Reference: Ibid

12. Employer Responsibilities • Utilize “best practices” while maintaining the health and safety of all workers • Provide engineered controls • What is an engineered control? • Provide administrative controls • What is an administrative control? • Provide PPE’s • Comply with OSHA’s General Duty Clause • This clause covers issues not specifically addressed in 29 CFR 1910. • Example: Ergonomics

13. Employer Responsibilities • Provide training • ERTK, Fire extinguisher use, LOTO, Bloodborne Pathogens and so on. • Keep records of injuries and illnesses • Report worker deaths within 8hrs • Report occurrences where 3 or more workers are hospitalized • Train workers how & where to report injuries • Make records available to OSHA and employees • Post OSHA 300 log Reference: Ibid

14. Employer Responsibilities (cont) • Provide medical exams when required • Post OSHA citation(s) and corrective actions • Provide and pay for PPE’s • Example: Safety glasses, hard hats, hearing protection, etc. • There are some exceptions: Slip Resistant Footwear is not covered under 1910 (I)

15. Surviving an OSHA Inspection

16. Surviving an OSHA Inspection • 4 reasons you may have an OSHA inspection • Imminent Danger • Probably cause – a known danger exists • Example: driving by a worksite without fall protection • Fatality/Catastrophe • Significant injury reported to OSHA • Complaints • Employee complaints/Employee representative complaint • Program inspection • Companies with significantly high injury or illness rates Reference: Ibid

17. Surviving an OSHA inspection • Opening meeting: • Presentation of Credentials – if they don’t show them ask for them • Explanation of why/how OSHA chose this facility • Obtain company hazard documentation • Explanation of the procedures, scope, and purpose of the visit

18. Surviving an OSHA Inspection (cont) • Worksite inspection • If they write a note, you write a note • If they take a picture you take a picture • Ask a maintenance worker to accompany you and fix things during inspection • They may interview employees • They may monitor air, noise, and other substantial hazards • Be polite! You are a professional and they are professionals

19. Surviving an OSHA Inspection (cont) • Closing meeting • Discuss violations and correction deadlines • Employers rights and responsibilities • Citations • Citations are mailed • Citations fall into 4 categories • Willful, Fines up to 70K • Serious, Fines up to 7K • Non Serious, Fines up to 7K • Repeat offender, Fines up to 70K • Citations can be negotiated • Example: An item found to be out of compliance but repaired on site by a maintenance staff member at the time of inspection could be negotiated for a smaller fine. Reference: Ibid

20. Top 10 Most Frequently Cited Standards. • Scaffolding - Construction • Fall Protection - Construction • HazCom (ERTK) - General Industry • Respiratory Protection - General Industry • Lockout/Tagout - General Industry • Electrical wiring and components - General Industry • Lift Equipment - General Industry • Ladders - Construction • Electrical Systems Design - General Industry • Machines - General Industry Reference: OSHA.gov

21. Standards

22. Employee Protection 1910 (I) • Three ways to protect the employee • Engineered controls • Example: a furniture factory with a significant amount dust in the air: • Ventilation • Dust collection system • Air filtration system • Administrative controls • Example: a building maintenance firm whose employees routinely set 300 chairs and put down 300 chairs. • Job rotation • Training

23. PPE’s • Last line of defense • Employers must establish a PPE program that includes • Set up procedure for selecting PPE’s • Assess work site hazards • Establish a training program • When to use PPE’s • How to properly use the PPE’s • Limitations • Proper care and maintenance

24. Types of PPE’s • Eye protection • Face shields, goggles, safety glasses, welding helmets, eye wash stations • Respiratory protection • Respirator • Head protection • Hard hat, bump hats • Hearing protection • Ear muffs, canal caps, ear plugs

25. Types of PPE’s (cont) • Footwear • Metatarsal guards, steel toe, safety shoe, rubber boots • Hand protection • Kevlar, nitril, viton, butyl, mesh gloves • Body protection • Cooling vest, sleeves and apron, coveralls, full body suit

26. Scenarios • Maintenance worker servicing an air handler • What type of engineered controls should be in place? • What type of administrative controls should be in place? • What type of PPE’s are needed?

27. Scenarios (cont.) • Maintenance worker stripping a floor • What type of engineered controls should be in place? • What type of administrative controls should be in place? • What type of PPE’s are needed?

28. Scenarios (cont.) • Maintenance worker adding chemicals to a steam boiler • What type of engineered controls should be in place? • What type of administrative controls should be in place? • What type of PPE’s are needed?

29. Scenarios (cont.) • Maintenance worker entering a confined space • What type of engineered controls should be in place? • What type of administrative controls should be in place? • What type of PPE’s are needed?

30. Standards Continued

31. HAZ Com (ERTK) 1910.1200 • Chemical exposure can cause • Heart ailments, central nervous system damage, kidney and lung damage, sterility, cancer, burns, and rashes. • Chemicals also have the ability to cause • Fires, explosions, and other accidents • Employers must provide • Written program • Container labeling • SDS (Safety Data Sheets) • Training Reference: Ibid

32. Safety Data Sheets • All SDS will contain a user friendly 16 section format • As of June 2015 all labels will contain a pictogram, a signal work, hazard and precautionary statements, product identifier, and supplier identification • What does this mean for managers: • All employees must be trained to read new labels and SDS sheets, by December 1, 2013. • All labeling and SDS communication must be updated by June 2016. • A great exercise for your staff is to copy numerous SDS sheets and have them find various items. Examples: Specific gravity, PH, PPE’s, manufacturer, health hazards, emergency response • For more information about chemicals and chemical safety, log on to Dashirmanagement.com and click on the managers tab.

33. Ergonomics • Covered under the general duties clause • 63% of muscle related injuries are due to repetitive motion. • What types of repetitive jobs do your employees perform everyday? • Common issues: • Carpal tunnel, low back pain, eye strain, tendinitis, trigger finger, De Quervains disease, carpet layers knee, herniated disk, hand arm vibration syndrome Reference: Ibid

34. Controlling Ergonomics Hazards • Investigate • What type of worksite hazards exist • Develop/Implement a plan • Install engineered/administrative controls • Develop safe work practices • Reduce exposure • Provide PPE’s when needed • Encourage • Stretching • Neutral position • Limit jerking and awkward movements

35. Machine Guarding 1910(O) • Top Three Machine Guarding Hazards • Point of Operation • Drill press bit • Table saw blade • Rotating parts • Belts and pulleys • Cranks and gears • Other moving parts • Sliding • Conveyor • Thinking about this list: What types of machines do we work with which could pose a hazard to our employees?

36. Safe Guarding • There are 14 classifications of safe guards • Fixed guard • Provides a permanent barrier. Example: cover on a belt and pulley • Interlocked guard • Adjustable guards • Guards that adjust to allow various types of work to be done. Example: Band saw or scroll saw guard. Reference: Ibid

37. Safe Guarding (cont.) • Self Adjusting guard • Adjusts with the size of stock entering the machine. Example: Table saw • Pullback Device • Restraint Device • Tripwire cables • Two handed controls • Requires constant concurrent pressure to start the machine Reference: Ibid

38. Safe Guarding (cont.) • Gates • Robots • Location/Distance • Auto-feed • Protective Shields • Holding Tools Reference: Ibid

39. Electrical 1910(S) • Discussion: • What types of accidents can occur while working with electricity? • What can we do to safeguard our employees against electrical accidents? • For more information about electrical safety or LOTO see Manager’s tab on Dashir’s website.

40. Standards Continued

41. Combustion, Flammability & Fire Safety, Emergency Preparedness 1910 (E, L, ) • Terms: • Flashpoint: the temperature at which a liquid will ignite. • Combustible liquids: liquids which ignite at or above 100 degrees • Flammable liquids: liquids which ignite at or below 99 degrees • What are some examples of flammable liquids? Reference: Ibid

42. Flammable and Combustible Liquids • Control the source of ignition • Example: No smoking near flammable or combustible liquids • Other concerns: Static electricity (bonding – provide for ground), welding, open flames • Provide proper ventilation • Utilize proper storage procedures • Proper storage containers and/or cabinets • For more information consult with your local department of public safety. Reference: Ibid

43. Flammable and Combustible Liquids • Transfer of flammable or combustible liquids • An approved storage container must have__________ to meet OSHA requirements? • A spring closing lid and spout cover • Safety device to relieve pressure in case of fire • Flame arrestor • A UL Listing • Not more than 5 gallons of fuel Reference: Ibid

44. Fire Control/Prevention • Have a written plan • Detail known hazards, such as chemicals, fuel storage and so on • Train plan stake holders in their duties • Explain to employees: exit routes, and gathering points, have well illuminated and unobstructed exit point • Good housekeeping • Control accumulation of flammable and combustible waste Reference: Ibid

45. Fire Extinguishers • Five types of extinguishers: • Class A, ordinary combustibles: wood, cloth, paper. • Class B, flammable liquids, gas or grease: gasoline, propane, solvents • Class C, energized electrical equipment: wiring, controls, appliances • Class D, combustible metals: magnesium, lithium, titanium • Class K, cooking media: vegetable or animal oils, fat

46. Fire Extinguisher Classifications http://njfireequip.com/site/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/fire-classes.gif

47. Questions

48. Further Study • OSHA Publications: • http://www.osha.gov/pls/publications/publication.html • Dashir Management Publications • Dashirmanagement.com • Click on the managers tab to view Health and Safety slide shows.