1 / 28

Basic Energy Sciences Update

BES Advisory Committee Meeting February 27, 2014. Basic Energy Sciences Update. Harriet Kung Director, Basic Energy Sciences Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy. Outline. BES Staffing Update FY 2014 Appropriation Program Highlights New BESAC Charge. New. Vacancy.

khoi
Download Presentation

Basic Energy Sciences Update

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. BES Advisory Committee Meeting February 27, 2014 Basic Energy Sciences Update Harriet KungDirector, Basic Energy Sciences Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy

  2. Outline • BES Staffing Update • FY 2014 Appropriation • Program Highlights • New BESAC Charge

  3. New Vacancy

  4. Director Search: Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division Job number: 14-SES-SC-HQ-001 Open Period: 2/17 – 3/19 Apply via USAJOBS 4

  5. FY 2014 Appropriations Conference Act “Basic Energy Science..-Within available funds, the agreement includes $24,237,000 for the fifth year of the Fuels from Sunlight Innovation Hub, $24,237,000 for the second year of the Batteries and Energy Storage Innovation Hub, $10,000,000 for the Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research, and up to $100,000,000 for Energy Frontier Research Centers. For scientific user facilities, the agreement provides $45,000,000 for major items of equipment, to include $20,000,000 for the Advanced Photon Source Upgrade and $25,000,000 for National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II) Experimental Tools. For facilities operations, the agreement provides $778,785,000 for Synchrotron Radiation Light Sources, High-Flux Neutron Sources, and NanoscaleScience Research Centers, to include $56,000,000 for early operations of NSLS-II at Brookhaven National Laboratory. The agreement also includes $37,400,000 for Other Project Costs, including $10,000,000 for the LINAC Coherent Light Source II (LCLS-II). For construction, the agreement provides $75,700,000 for LCLS-II at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory to account for the project's revised baseline cost, schedule, and scope. The agreement includes no direction regarding a novel free-electron laser array light source.”

  6. FY 2014 BES Budget Appropriation • Research programs • Energy Innovation Hubs& Energy Frontier Research Centers are funded at FY 2013 levels • Core Research nearly flat with FY 2013 (+$6M) • EPSCoR (~$10M) • Full funding of financial assistance awards of $1M or less. • Scientific user facilities • Facilities at ~97%of optimal operations • NSLS-II early ops ($56M) FY 2014 Approp: $ 1,712M (+116M from FY 2013 -$150M from FY 2014 Request) SBIR/STTR, LTSM & GPP 63 SUF Research 29 Const, OPC, MIE NSRCs 101 184 EFRCs + Hubs 148 Neutron Sources 246 Facilities Ops 779 CSGB Research 240 Light Sources 432 MSE Research • Construction and instrumentation • Construction and MIE projects are funded at optimal or near-optimal levels: • National Synchrotron Light Source-II ($53.7M) and NEXT instrumentation ($25M) • Advanced Photon Source upgrade ($20M) • LinacCoherent Light Source-II ($85.7M) 269

  7. Appropriations of BES Major Program Components FY 2012 – FY 2014 • Within the appropriated funding and by following Congressional directions, a balance among the major components of the BES program – research, facilities operations, and construction or upgrade of facilities – is carefully considered and maintained to ensure that all subprograms will remain world-leading in their respective fields. • The FY 2013 sequestration in funding (-$92M vs. FY 2012) was largely absorbed by the MIE/construction funding roll off. In turn, the core research, EFRCs, Hubs, and facility operations were generally kept flat with FY 2012. • The increase in funding in FY 2014 (+$115M vs. FY 2013) raises the construction/MIE funding to approach normal level and enables NSLS-II to assume early operations as planned. The rest of the facilities are operated at ~ 97% optimal level. 7

  8. SC Memo on Full Funding Financial Assistance Awards • Section 310 of Division D of the act states • Notwithstanding section 30l(c) of this Act, none of the funds made available under the heading 'Department of Energy- Energy Programs- Science' may be used for a multiyear contract, grant, cooperative agreement, or Other Transaction Agreement of $1,000,000 or less unless the contract, grant, cooperative agreement, or Other Transaction Agreement is funded for the full period of performance as anticipated at the time of award. Any new or renewal financial assistance award with a project period total cost of $1,000,000 or less will be funded in full. Beginning immediately, the entire value of any grant or cooperative agreement with a total cost of$1,000,000 or less will be obligated when the award is made. • The Office of Science anticipates that applications for new and renewal grants and cooperative agreements will be awarded at reduced success rates over the next three to five years. After this transition period, success rates should return to historic norms.

  9. Implementing Full Funding Financial Assistance Awards • Beginning immediately, DOE/SC will implement full funding of multi-year grants and/or cooperative agreements with total cost of $1M or less. “Full funding” means funds for the entire award for the project period is obligated at the time the award is made, instead of funding year-by-year. • Process for full funding applies to new, renewal, or supplemental grant awards. Grants and cooperative agreements with a total cost of more than $1M, integrated over the project period, are exempt from the full funding requirement. • There will be no change to how an applicant applies for a grant or cooperative agreement, nor will there be changes to the merit review process. • BES Program Managers will continue to have oversight of the research program by requiring PIs to submit an annual progress report that must be approved by the BES prior to any funds being accessed by the PI the following year.

  10. Current Status of Implementing Full Funding of Financial Assistance Awards # of Proposals* # of Proposals* • To comply withfull funding of all awards under $1M, the two research divisions are making a concerted effort to use all available options, including no cost extensions (NCE), to maintain quality and portfolio balance. • The average success rate for renewals is expected to be less than 50% as compared to ~80% of historical norm. • Overall, the success rate for the combined new and renewal applications is expected to be ~25%. • While the NCE approach will afford extra flexibility to adjust to the full funding requirement, it will also delay the time for the divisions to return to the normal portfolio size and success rates. * as of mid-February 2014

  11. Energy Frontier Research Centers 46 EFRCs were launched in late FY 2009; $777M for 5 Years • Participants: • 46 EFRCs in 35 States + Washington D.C. • ~850 senior investigators and ~2,000 students, postdoctoral fellows, and technical staff at ~115 institutions • > 260 scientific advisory board members • from 13 countries and > 40 companies • Progress to-date (~4 years funding): • >4,000 peer-reviewed papers including >135 publications in Science and Nature • 17 PECASE and 13 DOE Early Career Awards • over 200 US and 130 foreign patent applications, nearly 90 patent/invention disclosures, and at least 50 licenses by 36 of the EFRCs • ~ 60 companies have benefited from EFRC research • EFRC students and staff now work in > 215 university faculty and staff positions; > 340 industrial positions; > 130 national labs, government, and non-profit positions http://science.energy.gov/bes/efrc/ 11

  12. Energy Frontier Research CentersRecompetition in FY2014 12 • The initial 46 EFRCs were funded for 5-years beginning in FY 2009: 30 EFRCs were funded annually at about $100M; 16 were fully funded by Recovery Act support • Solicitation will request both renewal and new EFRC applications including: • Areas of energy-relevant research identified by recent BES and BESAC workshops • Research to advance the rate of materials and chemical discovery • Mesoscale science • Selection of awards will be based on rigorous peer review of applications of the proposed research • Renewal awards will include assessment of the progress during the first 5-year award • Renewal and new awards will maintain a balanced EFRC portfolio for grand challenge and use-inspired energy research

  13. EFRC FY2014 Recompetition Oct 13 Nov 13 Dec 13 Jan 14 Feb 14 Mar 14 Apr 14 May 14 Jun 14 Jul 14 Aug 14 Sep 14 9/30/2013 FOA issued 11/13/2013 Nearly 300 letters of intent received 1/9/2014 More than 200 proposals received May 2014 Awards Selected June 2014 Awards Announced August/ September 2014 Awards Start Feb – April 2014 Merit Review • Proposal and Review Statistics • Lead institutions: 83% university, 15% national laboratory, and 2% industry/non-profit • ~ 300 unique partner institutions from 49 states, DC, Puerto Rico, and 19 foreign countries • ~ 3900 key personnel, of which 3200 are unique individuals • Budget: FY2014 Omnibus Appropriation includes $100M for EFRCs 13

  14. Ultrafast Materials and Chemical Sciences FY 2014 Funding Opportunity Announcement • Funding Opportunity for Scientific Discovery through Ultrafast Materials and Chemical Sciences • Support for hypothesis-driven research by collaborative investigator teams that combine experimental and theoretical efforts • $4M available for new awards at $400K to $1M/year for 3 years • DE-FOA-0001089 (Grants) and LAB 14-1089 (National Labs) • Addresses the grand challenge to characterize and control chemical and materials processes at the level of the electrons • Focus on application of the new ultrafast capabilities in areas critical to the BES mission, utilizing x-rays, VUV, and lower energy photons; not source development • Ultrafast optical probes for direct characterization and control of energy relevant chemical processes at the level of the electrons and manipulation of highly correlated electron systems in condensed matter • Free electron laser science to investigate time-resolved phenomena, correlated electron excitations, and complex chemical systems • Important Deadlines: • Required Letters of Intent are due on March 17 before 5:00 pm • Final applications are due on April 21 before 5:00 pm 14

  15. EPSCoR Implementation GrantsFY 2014 Funding Opportunity Announcement • Funding Opportunity for Implementation Grants for the DOE Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research Program • DOE EPSCoR is federal-state partnership program designed to help DOE increase the geographic diversity of competitive capabilities to conduct energy-related research and development • Eligible jurisdictions: Alabama, Alaska, Arkansas, Delaware, Guam, Hawaii, Idaho, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Puerto Rico, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Vermont, Virgin Islands, West Virginia, and Wyoming. • Implementation grants provide support for research by a group of scientists and engineers, including graduate students and post-doctoral fellows, that is focused on a common energy-related scientific theme and that will improve the research infrastructure for the host institution(s) • Applications must identify a topical research area(s) from among the DOE Office of Science programs and/or the DOE Technology Offices • Support for 2-3 new awards at $1,000K to $2.5 M/year for 3 years • Important Deadlines for DE-FOA-0001087 • Required Letters of Intent are due on March 22 before 5:00 pm • Final applications are due on April 15 before 11:59 pm 15

  16. BES Communications • BES 2014 Summary Report • Update to the 2011 Summary Report • Overview of BES • How BES does business • Descriptions of all three BES divisions, EFRCs, and Hubs • Representative research highlights from the BES divisions, EFRCs, and Hubs • BES Core Research Activities (CRAs) • Updated to reflect current portfolio descriptions, accomplishments, and challenges http://science.energy.gov/bes/research/

  17. Materials Sciences and Engineering Division Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs)– Creating New Properties and Functions • Electrical conductivity realized in MOFs • Discovery of electrical conductivity on par with organic semiconductors while maintaining porosity of MOF is a key step for their use in novel energy applications. (Dinca, MIT) – Early Career awardee • MOFs as a platform for new 1-dimensional (1-D) magnets • Simulations reveal, and experiments confirm, that 1-D magnetism exists in MOFs, providing a family of easily synthesized 1-D magnetic materials that can be useful in future magnetic device applications. (Chabal, UT-Dallas) • Flexible MOF cage can bind to multiple metal ions • Designed a flexible MOF structure with soft anionic ligandsfor preferential uptake of a second metal cation (e.g., Co2+ or Ni2+), providing insights for selective recovery of toxic or “critical” metals and energy storage applications. (Thallapally, PNNL) Blue=Zn Green=Co or Ni • Biomimetic motors by integrating MOFs with peptides • A hybrid MOF-peptide system has been created that functions as an autonomous motor powered by the release of peptides from within the pores of MOF, thus mimicking chemotaxis (motion induced by chemical gradients) see in biological motors and swimming bacteria. (Matsui, CUNY) 17

  18. Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences Division Atomic-Level Understanding to Catalysis by Design • Isolated Palladium Atoms for Highly Selective Catalysis of Hydrogenation Reactions • Demonstrated for the first time how single palladium atoms converted the inert surface of copper into an ultraselective hydrogenation catalyst. • Binding single metal atoms to a different metal allows for a general strategy to design novel bifunctional heterogeneous catalysts that can be fine-tuned for catalyst selectivity and activity. (Kyriakou et al. and Boucher et al., Tufts) • Innovative Non-Noble Metal Electrocatalyst for Water Oxidation and Oxygen Reduction • Discovered that a layered structure of cobalt-molybdenum nitride had unexpected catalytic activity and stability similar to that of platinum. • Structural knowledge revealed by x-ray and neutron scattering should aid in the computational search for novel inexpensive compounds with optimal hydrogen electrocatalytic production. (Cao et al., BNL (CFN), ANL (APS), ORNL (SNS), Stony Brook) • Designing Selective Catalysts for Reduction of Carbon Dioxide to Methanol • Predicted novel compositions of nickel-gallium catalysts that experimentally reduce carbon dioxide to methanol at ambient conditions with long-term stability with higher activity and selectivity than industrial catalysts. • Effective computer modeling of catalyst design may lead to more efficient selection of candidates for experimental testing and provide novel solutions tailored for specific purposes or environments. (Studt et al., Stanford (SLAC)) 18

  19. Scientific User Facilities DivisionOptics and Nanostructures for Synchrotrons and FELs Scientific Achievement New methods for fabricating ultrahigh aspect ratio, 3D x-ray diffractive nanostructures enables high resolution, high efficiency manipulation of hard x-rays, and exploration of new FEL science. Significance and Impact A wide range of hard x-ray synchrotron and FEL sciences can be advanced using these new nanofabrication capabilities. Research Details • High resolution, high efficiency, arbitrarily shaped x-ray diffractive optics can now be fabricated. Hard x-ray optics tested at SSRL demonstrated greater than 20% efficiency at 9 keV, and with optimization, efficiencies approaching 40% are within reach; pathways to efficiencies approaching 70% are being pursued. • Single molecule imaging with FELs requires alignment and reconstruction algorithm development. This is significantly aided by novel nanofabricated structures. a f g b c d e h Scanning electron microscopy images of (a) x-ray zone plate top view, (b) cross section of an ultra-high aspect ratio x-ray zone plate, (c) spiral zone plate demonstrating capability for high aspect ratios with arbitrary patterns not restricted to linear or circular, (d) Platinum zone plate formed for high photon energy focusing, (e) linear x-ray gratings, (f) x-ray focal spot at 8.5 keV using a Pt zone plate, (g) one of 80 million identical nanostructures fabricated for use with FEL liquid injection technique, and (h) one of 15 thousand nanostructure diffraction patterns obtained at SACLA . A. Sakdinawat and C. Chang, Patent Pending (2013) C. Chang and A. Sakdinawat, submitted (2014) 19

  20. Materials Sciences and Engineering DivisionMoving towards Novel, Exotic Materials • First Observation of Theoretical Predicted novel electronic structure – the Hofstadter Butterfly • Predicted in 1977, this novel energy structure emerges when electrons are confined in two dimensions and subjected to both a periodic potential energy and a strong magnetic field. Electronic conductivity and capacitance measurements of atomically thin graphene on an atomically flat BN substrate at low temperatures and high magnetic fields show the predicted self-similar patterns. (Kim, Columbia, and Ashorri, Jarillo-Herrero at MIT). • Controlling Light-Matter Interactions with Metamaterials • Metamaterial with a zero-index of refraction has been fabricated that creates a phase mismatch–free environment for nonlinear electromagnetic propagation, enabling realization of novel non-linear effects (Zhang, LBNL). • Manipulating Dirac Electrons with Ultrafast Laser Pulses • Ultrafast laser pulsed were used to populate the spin polarized electronic surface states of a topological insulator. The persistent surface metallic state is maintained as it is continuously filled by electrons from the bulk, demonstrating the feasibility of manipulating these electrons for technological applications. (Sobota, SLAC). Time

  21. Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences DivisionFundamental Science to Enable Advanced Engine and Fuel Modeling • Measurement of Previously Unobserved AutoignitionIntermediates • Produced, observed and directly measured reaction kinetics for hydroperoxyalkyl radicals (QOOH) which are key intermediates for initiating the combustion process. • Measurements performed at the ALS provide further details to improve autoignitionchemistry predictive modeling (Zádoret al., SNL). • Quantum Tunneling Affects Engine Performance • Determined molecular reaction rates for surrogate biodiesel fuels by first-principles quantum chemical calculations, and found that inclusion of tunneling reactions in high-fidelity engine models has a noticeable impact on engine performance. • Such calculations will assist in the design and optimization of compression-ignition engines (Davis et al., ANL). • New Conceptual Model for High-Pressure Fuel Injection Processes • Established a new fundamental theory on how spray atomization is replaced by diffusion-dominated mixing without droplet formation at supercritical conditions, where molecularinterfaces broaden and transition into a continuum regime. • Experimental evidence at actual device operating pressures validates the conceptual model and further challenges the current classical view of spray atomization in typical diesel engines (Dahms et al., SNL). 21

  22. BES User Facilities Hosted Over 15,000 Users in FY 2013 More than 300 companies from various sectors of the manufacturing, chemical, and pharmaceutical industries conducted research at BES scientific user facilities. Over 30 companies were Fortune 500 companies.

  23. User Numbers at the NSRCs Continue to Increase 2013 NSRC Users • Average >400 users per NSRC currently; mostly badged users • Very High user satisfaction

  24. NSRCs and Industry UsersBalance Between Large and Small Company Research

  25. Examples of Industry Use of NSRCs Disease Therapeutics Ultradense Memories High Performance Fuel Cells Advanced Microprocessors Drug Discovery Unique hard x-ray Nanoprobe enables nondestructive measure of in-situ strain distributions in silicon-on-insulator (SOI)-based CMOS for sub 130 nm microprocessor technology. Groundbreaking nanoscience highly sensitive technique for detecting misfolded proteins could help pinpoint Alzheimer’s in its early stages and enable researchers to discover new disease therapies. Developed a new cryogenic electron tomography (cryo-EM) technique to probe new mechanisms such as the transfer of cholesterol ester proteins for pharmaceuticals development Expertise in polymer nanostructure self-assembly and electron microscopy can be applied to Terabit/cm2 scale magnetic memories for computing and imaging Understanding limitations to new Nanostructured Thin Film (NSTF) catalyst activity to improve Performance and durability of fuel cells TMF CFN TMF CNMS/ShaRE CNM

  26. BES Budgets and Portfolios – NNI & Beyond All five NSRCs operational 2008- Solar Fuels Hub (JCAP) 2010- Batteries Hub (JCESR) 2013- NSRCs constructions 2003-2008 EFRCs 2009- HFI 2005- NNI 2001- 26

  27. Strategic Planning and Program Development 2014 1999 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 NNI HFI EFRCs Solar Fuels Hub Batteries Hub New BESAC Report BESAC BES 27 http://science.energy.gov/bes/news-and-resources/reports/

  28. BESAC New Charge on Strategic Planning for BES Research From: Dr. Pat Dehmer (Acting Director of Office of Science) The new BESAC study should evaluate the breakthrough potential of current and prospective energy science frontiers based on how well the research advances the five grand science challenges. Your report will advise BES in its future development of focused, effective research strategies for sustained U.S. leadership in science innovation and energy research. I ask BESAC to consider the following questions in formulating the study plan: • What progress has been achieved in our understanding of the five BESAC Grand Science Challenges? • What impact has advancement in the five Grand Science Challenges had on addressing DOE’s energy missions? With evolving energy technology and U.S. energy landscape, what fundamental new knowledge areas are needed to further advance the energy sciences? Please consider examples where filling the knowledge gaps will have direct impacts on energy sciences. • What should the balance of funding modalities (e.g., core research, EFRCs, Hubs) be for BES to fully capitalize on the emerging opportunities? • Identify research areas that may not be sufficiently supported or represented in the US community to fully address the DOE’s missions.

More Related