Breaking Down TTAPP

1. Breaking Down TTAPP You need out something to take notes with!

2. What is TTAPP? Write down this list BUT leave space between each item so you can write down components of each! • T: Thesis • T: Tone • A: Audience • P: Purpose • P: Point of View

3. What is TTAPP? • TTAPP includes all of the elements that you need to carefully consider before you begin writing your essay • By determining each of these before you begin writing you will be able to compose an effective an effective and well-organized essay with clear focus • This is different than pre-writing and outlining—it has very little to do with content, but it will help ensure that the content of your essay is well-delivered

4. Purpose • Purpose: Identifies the scope, and direction of the paper. It specifically identifies what the essay will do • Includes: to + a verb (delivery method) • The purpose of your essay also identifies what your goal is as a writer and sets up the rest of the “TTAPP” • The purpose of the essay is typically included in the prompt which is why it is super important to thoroughly understand what your instructor is asking you to do

5. Purpose • Prompt 1: In a well-crafted, multi-paragraph essay argue whether or not gender inequalities are still evident in corporate America. • Purpose 1: to argue that gender stereotypes no longer exist in corporate America • Prompt 2: In a well-crafted, multi-paragraph essay compose an extended definition for one of the following words: patriotism, loyalty, trust, love, or pain. • Purpose 2: to define the word loyalty as it relates both to the individual and society

6. Audience • Audience: This is the specific group of people who you intend on delivering your message to. • This should be specific—not something as simple as “society” or “Americans” or “men” or “teenagers” • Instead consider: “Individuals in society who believe…”, “Americans with opposing views related to this issue”, “Men who don’t understand why romance in relationships is important”, “Teenagers who think that they can engage in cyber-bullying without any consequences”

7. Although your instructor, aka Splitek, is the person who grades your paper she is not your audience! The instructor is an objective third-party who evaluates your writing. AudienceCaveat!

8. Point-of-View (POV) • Point-of-view: either first person or third person (limited); first person uses personal pronouns like Iand creates an intimate and personal connection between the audience and the writer; third person (limited) does not use personal pronouns and establishes the writer as an expert and trustworthy source of information when done correctly • NO SECOND PERSON POV– EVER! Academic writing is not a choose your own adventure novel! • As a writer you might use snippets of third-person when you are writing in first person, but you will not use snippets of first person when you are writing in third person.

9. Point-of-View (POV) • First person: should be used when wanting to connect with the audience and creating a sense of shared emotion for a topic or issue (pathos heavily relies on first person) • Third person: should be used when you need to establish yourself as an expert with an unbiased, balanced perspective. • Definition Essay: first person (appropriate) • Argumentative Essay: third person(appropriate)

10. Point-of-View (POV) • When you discuss POV when completing your TTAPP, you need to identify whether you will be using first or third person and what you intend to establish by using this POV– rapport, credibility, trust, etc. • Consider your audience when you are deciding on a POV—everything is connected and dependent!

11. Tone • Tone: the writer’s attitude towards both the subject and the audience—in an argument it can also be the writer’s attitude towards those with opposing view points • Tone need to be appropriately paired with topic (subject) • Tone should be a specific feeling • Tone can be tricky—you don’t want to alienate the audience or be insulting—this doesn’t mean you need to eliminate your passion for a topic but rather challenges you to convey it in an appealing and intelligent manner

12. Tone • Prompt 1: In a well-crafted, multi-paragraph essay argue whether men or women are better drivers. • Correct Examples of Tone 1: humorous, sarcastic, witty • Incorrect Examples of Tone 1: creative, informative • Prompt 2: In a well-crafted, multi-paragraph essay argue whether the Dream Act is an effective or ineffective immigration policy. • Correct Examples of Tone 2: intelligent, serious, passionate, determined • Incorrect Examples of Tone 2: creative, informative, racist, angry, sarcastic, bitter

13. Thesis Statements • Thesis Statement: a one or two sentence statement that states your claim (position) and is the road map of your essay—every sentence in the entire paper must either directly or indirectly relate back to the thesis. • Not a question • No quotes • 1 sentence or 2 – no more • Avoid shady pronouns – be specific • Will always be the last sentence of your intro paragraph.

14. Thesis Statements Thesis statements include the following: • Topic: your limited subject • Commentary: your POV (or attitude) about that subject which indicates your claim

15. Thesis Statements • Don’t write a highly opinionated statement • Don’t make an announcement • Don’t make a factual statement • Don’t make a broad statement

16. TTAPP Activity • In a well-crafted multi-paragraph essay argue whether or not the use of hybrid vehicles is an effective way of reducing an individual’s carbon footprint. • In a well-crafted multi-paragraph essay argue whether or not the a person with a terminal illness has the right to end his or her life as they wish. • In a well-crafted multi-paragraph essay argue whether or not Arizona’s SB1070 law is a violation of civil rights. • In a well-crafted multi-paragraph essay argue whether or not the drinking age should be lowered to 18. • In a well-crafted multi-paragraph essay argue whether or not students should have to take high-stakes tests in order to graduate from high school. • In a well-crafted multi-paragraph essay argue whether or not animal testing of life-saving drugs is a benefit or a detriment for society. Write down all six statements!

17. TTAPP Activity • For your assigned topic you will be completing a TTAPP! • You will turn in one piece paper with everyone’s name on it! • You need to work together and make sure that everyone is in agreement before you decide on your response. • When you are done, turn it in to Splitek for points!