Advanced Bandwidth Management Presented to DOD Commercial SATCOM Workshop December 6, 2006

1. Advanced Bandwidth ManagementPresented to DOD Commercial SATCOM Workshop  December 6, 2006

2. 2 Background The network-centric warfare requirements are making increasing demand on commercial SATCOM. DoD is a heavy user of commercial bandwidth, and this trend is expected to continue. There is a need for more efficient ways to procure, provision, and manage commercial satellite services. Advanced bandwidth management concepts: Bandwidth Portability and Bandwidth on Demand Integrated Management approach to ensure availability of interference-free bandwidth for mission critical applications Optimization and Responsiveness Because of the network centric warfare, DOD demands for satellite bandwidth have increased. With demand of network-centric warfare increasing, the DOD will continue need to purchase additional bandwidth. DoD has become the largest customer of the commercial bandwidth There are currently 230 commercial Geosynchronous satellites in operations, and more than 50 satellites are planned to be launched. Most of the capacity  is C and Ku-Band. Some L and Ka band. Some LEO satellites. X band  capacity available from Paradigm and XTAR Not enough capacity Need to establish better ways for acquisition and bandwidth management Some of the techniques are: BoD, and comprehensive network management Bandwidth on Demand; Proactive Carrier Monitoring; EMI Detection and  Geolocation; Infrastructure Protection; and Integrated Management Approach With newer capabilities offered by BOD and similar technologies, the  customer can improve usage of existing capacity and longer term capacity  growth needs. Because of the network centric warfare, DOD demands for satellite bandwidth have increased. With demand of network-centric warfare increasing, the DOD will continue need to purchase additional bandwidth. DoD has become the largest customer of the commercial bandwidth There are currently 230 commercial Geosynchronous satellites in operations, and more than 50 satellites are planned to be launched. Most of the capacity is C and Ku-Band. Some L and Ka band. Some LEO satellites. X band capacity available from Paradigm and XTAR Not enough capacity Need to establish better ways for acquisition and bandwidth management Some of the techniques are: BoD, and comprehensive network management Bandwidth on Demand; Proactive Carrier Monitoring; EMI Detection and Geolocation; Infrastructure Protection; and Integrated Management Approach With newer capabilities offered by BOD and similar technologies, the customer can improve usage of existing capacity and longer term capacity growth needs.

3. 3 Global Bandwidth Portability

4. 4 Bandwidth Portability Challenges Bandwidth Portability is subject to bandwidth availability Typically available within a carrier�s own fleet NPV of the lease must not go down Price Variations across Geographical Areas Approach Comprehensive management and close interaction with the User Constantly track bandwidth utilization, trends, and inventory Reserve/Lease capacity when the availability becomes tight User pools or regions for uniform pricing Ground infrastructure must be in place to take advantage of the bandwidth portability Bandwidth portability is extremely desirable, but difficult to implement A comprehensive management and close interaction with the user is  necessary for effective bandwidth portability Bandwidth Availability Bandwidth may not be available when needed Different Satellite Operators Difficult across fleets of different satellite operators Price Variation in Geographical Areas Terminal Equipment and Ground Infrastructure Must be in place to use bandwidth in the new region Overall Bandwidth Availability is Decreasing Bandwidth portability is extremely desirable, but difficult to implement A comprehensive management and close interaction with the user is necessary for effective bandwidth portability Bandwidth Availability Bandwidth may not be available when needed Different Satellite Operators Difficult across fleets of different satellite operators Price Variation in Geographical Areas Terminal Equipment and Ground Infrastructure Must be in place to use bandwidth in the new region Overall Bandwidth Availability is Decreasing

5. 5 Bandwidth on Demand will give the DOD additional procurement flexibility including rapid provision and deployment with GFE that accommodates BOD, the DOD will be able to maximize bandwidth usage. This is an example of architecture for rapid global deployment using bandwidth on demand Global coverage is provided using satellites and teleports at strategic locations Terrestrial connections are in place providing full connectivity Terminal can move from one location to the other This architecture coupled with use of Bandwidth on Demand provides a powerful solution Bandwidth on Demand will give the DOD additional procurement flexibility including rapid provision and deployment with GFE that accommodates BOD, the DOD will be able to maximize bandwidth usage. This is an example of architecture for rapid global deployment using bandwidth on demand Global coverage is provided using satellites and teleports at strategic locations Terrestrial connections are in place providing full connectivity Terminal can move from one location to the other This architecture coupled with use of Bandwidth on Demand provides a powerful solution

6. 6 Network Monitoring Continuous monitoring of satellite carriers and leased bandwidth Out-of-tolerance conditions initiate troubleshooting and reporting actions Interference Detection and Geolocation Current systems are limited Accuracy and speed of Interference Detection and Geolocation must be significantly enhanced Enhanced NetOPs Comprehensive Management for end-to-end troubleshooting Common Operating Picture and Uniform Interface to vendor NOCs Continuously monitor carriers to ensure that they are within specs, and there is no external interference. Immediate action is taken if there is any out of tolerance condition. One way to more efficiently use satellite BW is to proactively monitor the spectrum Proactive monitoring may also reveal interference which must be eliminated to provide interference free bandwidth Limitations of Current Systems Inaccurate - Large radius of Geolocation, 10 km or more Interference under carrier difficult to detect Scanning of multiple transponders or multiple satellites is time-consuming Actual geolocation may take several days Continuously monitor carriers to ensure that they are within specs, and there is no external interference. Immediate action is taken if there is any out of tolerance condition. One way to more efficiently use satellite BW is to proactively monitor the spectrum Proactive monitoring may also reveal interference which must be eliminated to provide interference free bandwidth Limitations of Current Systems Inaccurate - Large radius of Geolocation, 10 km or more Interference under carrier difficult to detect Scanning of multiple transponders or multiple satellites is time-consuming Actual geolocation may take several days

7. 7 24/7 SMC staffed with people with security clearances for technical support  for bandwidth provisioning and management including real time monitoring Capabilities to provide near real time monitoring of circuits are global. For virtually any customer, can view the spectrum of a satellite anywhere in the orbital arc and over any continent This picture depicts the Arrowhead global carrier monitoring network. Monitoring capability on multiple satellites. We are currently monitoring  carriers on approximately 25 satellites, and this number is increasing. Monitoring equipment is at Teleports looking at these satellites. The information is brought to our Service Management Centers. Any alarms are reported and remedial action is taken. Flexible network. Satellites/Transponders may be added easily 24/7 SMC staffed with people with security clearances for technical support for bandwidth provisioning and management including real time monitoring Capabilities to provide near real time monitoring of circuits are global. For virtually any customer, can view the spectrum of a satellite anywhere in the orbital arc and over any continent This picture depicts the Arrowhead global carrier monitoring network. Monitoring capability on multiple satellites. We are currently monitoring carriers on approximately 25 satellites, and this number is increasing. Monitoring equipment is at Teleports looking at these satellites. The information is brought to our Service Management Centers. Any alarms are reported and remedial action is taken. Flexible network. Satellites/Transponders may be added easily

8. 8 Enhanced NetOps Common Interface

9. 9 Summary Utilization of commercial SATCOM capacity will continue to increase Commercial SATCOM is an integral part of DOD�s infrastructure for the foreseeable future Effective bandwidth acquisition & management can maximize cost-effectiveness Comprehensive bandwidth management needs an Integrated user and provider approach Bandwidth portability is highly desirable, but a big challenge to implement Network monitoring and interference management needs several improvements A common interface format from vendors NOCs is necessary to view a common operating picture The need for BW will reach 12 Gbps in year 2010 Even though there are systems under procurements, there will be BW shortage due to this high demand Geopolitical factors may also affect the need for more BW The Government, satellite operators and service providers must work together to avoid these situations Improve BW acquisition, provisioning, and management process/rules to  maximize Cost/BW ratio All should take advantage of technological advances (Flexible BOD platforms, improved satellite interference detections, Enhanced NetOps) The need for BW will reach 12 Gbps in year 2010 Even though there are systems under procurements, there will be BW shortage due to this high demand Geopolitical factors may also affect the need for more BW The Government, satellite operators and service providers must work together to avoid these situations Improve BW acquisition, provisioning, and management process/rules to maximize Cost/BW ratio All should take advantage of technological advances (Flexible BOD platforms, improved satellite interference detections, Enhanced NetOps)