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Human Reproductive Anatomy and Fertilization

Human Reproductive Anatomy and Fertilization. Overview of How It Works. In both M and F, Gametes are formed in one of the organs of the reproductive system Gametes must travel through other organs of reproductive system before can engage in fertilization (or attempt to)

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Human Reproductive Anatomy and Fertilization

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  1. Human Reproductive Anatomy and Fertilization

  2. Overview of How It Works • In both M and F, • Gametes are formed in one of the organs of the reproductive system • Gametes must travel through other organs of reproductive system before can engage in fertilization (or attempt to) • M– for modification and to acquire “tools” to help it reach the egg… for removal from M body • F- for implantation

  3. Male Reproductive System

  4. 1) Form Sperm • Occurs in the testes (singular= testis) • Testes contained in the scrotum • Cooler temperature for sperm production

  5. 1) Form Sperm • Seminiferous tubules = site of spermatogenesis

  6. 2) Sperm Travel • Epididymis (storage) vas deferens (transport)  urethra (modifications)  ejected from body

  7. 3) Multiple Organs Designed to Provide Sperm with Extra “Tools” To Reach Egg • In urethra • Seminal vesicle • energy (fructose) • Prostate gland • Alkaline fluid to protect against acidic F • Bulbourethral gland • Mucus secretion

  8. Prostate Problems • Prostate enlarged in most older men • not necessarily cancerous • Leads to difficulty with urination • Cancer= Very common but easily recognized and treated (testosterone therapy)

  9. F Reproductive Anatomy • Ovaries= site of egg production • Less travelling than M (more modification in ovaries– menstrual cycle)

  10. Uterus • Where baby lives! • Endometrium – • Inner lining • blood vessels • implantation

  11. Signal Transduction Pathways AKA intricate and complicated

  12. Hormone Regulation in M • Puberty • Consistent levels of testosterone throughout the life of the male • LH vs. FSH • Negative feedback • Figure 27.40 in your books!

  13. Negative Feedback– How Hormones Work • Maintain consistent internal environment (homeostasis)

  14. What would happen if there was no negative feedback?

  15. Menstrual Cycle

  16. Primary oocyte secondary oocyte  ovulated Follicle  corpus luteum  degenerates (if no baby) What is the Function of the Corpus luteum?

  17. Key Points • Involves the interaction of many hormones • Only one follicle ovulates at a time (dominant follicle) • When does the egg complete meiosis II?

  18. Pregnancy vs. no pregnancy • If no sperm, leads to menstruation • If sperm, meiosis II completed in oviduct

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