Welcome to my world!

1. Ancient Egypt Welcome to my world! You mean our world. Sure, that’s what I meant to say.

2. The natural barriers the land provided helped Egypt survive through time. To the north: Mediterranean Sea and the Nile Delta To the South: The cataracts of the Nile River. To the West: The Sahara Desert To the East: Desert and the Red Sea

3. You need to know that LOWER EGYPT is around the Nile Delta. Remember that a river ends at the “mouth” of a river. UPPER EGYPT is considered at the beginning of the river. It is here where the cataracts are at.

4. Egypt is divided into Kingdoms. Within the Kingdoms, there are multiple dynasties. A dynastyis a line of rulers from one family. Look at the bottom of the time-line to see the dynasty numbers

5. King Narmer, also known as Menes, was the king of Upper Egypt, he led an army into Lower Egypt and took control. He was the beginning of the 1st dynasty of Egypt. He wore a double crown, the whiteto represent Upper Egypt and the redto represent Lower Egypt.

6. Egyptian Social Classes

7. The Nile River was an essential part of Egypt. The floods were much more dependable than those in Mesopotamia. The floods were gentle and we never worried our homes or land would be destroyed. The floods came from the heavy rains in the spring and the melting snow in the highland of Upper Egypt. The flood left behind a layer of dark, fertile mud.

8. The Pharaohs of the Early Dynasties built Step Pyramids. They were called “step” because they wanted a “stairway to heaven” for their late pharaoh.

9. The OLD KINGDOM rulers were known for their great pyramids. The Great Pyramid of Giza was build for King Khufu (KOO-foo). Much of the technology used to build the pyramids are still used today. Astronomywas developed so they knew exact north. They also develop geometry, to know exact angles for walls and foundations. They invented numbers based on ten, fractions and mixed numbers for adding, subtraction, multiplying and dividing.

10. This is the mummy of Ramses I Inside the pyramid, the Egyptian Pharaoh was put to rest. We believed that the next world is better than life on Earth. One of the most important written books was the Book of the Dead. It contained spells and prayers that helped in the afterlife.

11. Inside King Ramses II tumb. Another thing we believed was only pharaohs and the elite could obtain the afterlife. We created a way of preserving the body called embalming. We buried our pharaohs with things they treasured most in their life, including gold, toys and sometimes their own servants (alive). Items found inside King Tut’stumb.

12. We gave up building pyramids and started a new form of architecture. We built our pharaohs tombs into the cliffs west of the Nile River. Calling it the Valley of the Kings. The Middle Kingdom was about more land and the blossoming of the arts. Our soldiers took the land of Nubia(South of Egypt) and began farming east of the Nile River to the Read Sea.

14. First, there as Narmer, or Menes. He was the first to unite the Upper and Lower Egypt. There were so many great pharaohs in Egypt, it’s hard to mention them all. I’ll try to run down some and their major highlights. Next, there was Ahmose, he drove off the Hyksos and started the Middle Kingdom. He led an uprising in Egypt using bronze and iron weapons. Last for this slide is King Tutankhamen, or King Tut for short. He was about 10 years old and was controlled by the priest. He is famous because Howard Carter found his tomb and all his treasures. That’s all. We can not forget Hatshepsut. She was the first female pharaoh. Her main interest was developing trade. She traded beads, metal tool and weapons for GOLD, IVORY, EBONY, INCENSE, AND WOOD. She also built a huge temple for herself in the Valley of the Kings. What an EGO!!! Amenhotop IV was the religious reformer. He and his wife, Nefertiti, took our polytheism beliefs and converted us to a monotheism. The only god to be worshipped was Aton.

15. These are of the Temple of Karnak. Restore to original condition Abu Simbel I saved the last pharaoh for last because he is the only one to be designated as “Great”, Ramses II. He is called Ramses the Great because of his military genius, his construction and restoration of buildings, and his popularity with his people.