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Local Government: Their Structures, Politics, and Challenges

Local Government: Their Structures, Politics, and Challenges. Counties. Origin Purpose Functions. Counties. Organization Legislative Officials County Commissioners Court Executive Officials Commissioners’ Court Ad valorem County Commissioners County Judge. Law Enforcement Officers

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Local Government: Their Structures, Politics, and Challenges

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  1. Local Government: Their Structures, Politics, and Challenges

  2. Counties • Origin • Purpose • Functions

  3. Counties • Organization • Legislative Officials • County Commissioners Court • Executive Officials • Commissioners’ Court • Ad valorem • County Commissioners • County Judge

  4. Law Enforcement Officers Sheriff Constables Financial Officers County-Tax Assessor Ad valorem Treasurer auditor Clerical Officers County Clerk District Clerk Counties

  5. Counties • Legal Officers • County Attorney • District Attorney • Miscellaneous Executive Officers • Surveyor • Weigher • Inspectors • Judicial Officers • Justice of the Peace • County judge • County court-at-law judges • Reform

  6. Cities • Development of Cities • Legal Status • Incorporation • Annexation • Extraterritorial jurisdiction (ETJ)

  7. Table 8.1 – Area of Cities’ Extraterritorial Jurisdiction

  8. Cities • Structure • General-Law Cities • Aldermanic form • Wards • At-large • Commission form

  9. Cities • Home-Rule Cities • Mayor-Council Form • Strong-Mayor Form • Weak-Mayor Type • Commission Form • Council-Manager Form • Mayor-Manager Form

  10. Figure 8.2a – Strong-Mayor Council Type LEGISLATIVE EXECUTIVE Mayor Council Elected At-Large Elected by Wards or Precincts Appointed

  11. Figure 8.2b – Weak-Mayor Council Type LEGISLATIVE EXECUTIVE Mayor Council Department Heads

  12. Figure 8.3 – The Commission Form LEGISLATIVE EXECUTIVE Commissioner Commissioner Department Heads Commissioner Commission Commissioner Commissioner Elected At-Large

  13. Figure 8.4 – The Council-Manager Form EXECUTIVE LEGISLATIVE Manager Council Department Heads Elected At-Large Elected by Wards or Precincts Appointed

  14. Figure 8.5 – The Mayor-Manager Form LEGISLATIVE EXECUTIVE Mayor Manager Council Department Heads Elected At-Large Elected by Wards or Precincts Appointed

  15. Cities • Evaluating City Government and Politics • Separation of Powers • Leadership • Responsibility • Efficiency and Responsiveness

  16. Cities • Municipal Elections • Nonpartisan Elections • At-large elections • District Elections

  17. Special Districts • Limited Purpose • Special Purpose • Independent School Districts • Other Special School Districts • Purpose • Origins • Structure • Evaluating School Districts

  18. COGs • Councils of Governments • Conclusion

  19. APPENDIX: Figure 1 – Texas Net Tax Collections by Source, Estimated for 2003 (in millions of dollars)

  20. APPENDIX: Figure 2 – State Appropriations by Function – 2002-2003 Biennium

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