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EU Nuclear Safeguards activities Dr S.Abousahl European Commission / Joint Research Centre

EU Nuclear Safeguards activities Dr S.Abousahl European Commission / Joint Research Centre JRC H Q Brussels, Belgium E-mail: said.abousahll@ec.europa.eu. JRC Structure: 7 Institutes in 5 Member States. IRMM - Geel, Belgium Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements

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EU Nuclear Safeguards activities Dr S.Abousahl European Commission / Joint Research Centre

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  1. EU Nuclear Safeguards activities Dr S.Abousahl European Commission / Joint Research Centre JRC HQBrussels, Belgium E-mail: said.abousahll@ec.europa.eu

  2. JRC Structure: 7 Institutes in 5 Member States IRMM -Geel, Belgium Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements ITU -Karlsruhe, Germany Institute for Transuranium Elements IE -Petten, The Netherlands Institute for Energy IPSC -Ispra, Italy Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen IES -Ispra, Italy Institute for Environment and Sustainability IHCP -Ispra, Italy Institute for Health and Consumer Protection IPTS -Seville, Spain Institute for Prospective Technological Studies Technical and scientific support of the EU ~ 2650 staff

  3. Activities outside of the EU EU instruments • The Instrument for Pre-accession Assistance (IPA), for the candidate and potential candidate countries for EU accession (25M€ for 2007-2009) • The Instrument for Nuclear Safety Cooperation (INSC) replace TACIS program. (total of 217 M€ for 2007-2009; about 20 M€ for safeguards ). • The Instrument for Stability (IfS) provides the EU with funds and mechanisms to address global and trans-regional threats. (2062 M€ for 2007-2013 in which 266M€ dedicated to non proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction). • - The Common and Foreign Security Policy: instrument used by the Council Secretariat; covers EU expenditure on foreign policy and security such as The Joint Actions. (23 M€)

  4. Instrument for Nuclear Safety Cooperation (INSC) Council Regulation (Euratom) No 300/2007 of 19 February 2007 Financial reference amount for implementation 2007-2013: 524 M€ Promotion of a high level of nuclear safety, radiation protection and the application of efficient and effective safeguards in third countries Purpose - Promotion of an effective nuclear safety culture (regulatory bodies and TSOs, operators, spent fuel and radwaste management, decommissioning) - Promotion of effective regulatory frameworks on radiation protection - Establishment of effective regulatory frameworks on nuclear safeguards - Establishment of effective arrangements for the prevention of accidents - Promotion of international cooperation (international organisations, Conventions and Treaties)

  5. INSC AAPs 2007-2009 OSA = On-site Assistance and Design Safety RA = Assistance to the Regulatory Authority RWM = Radioactive Waste Management and Safeguards IAEA = Cooperation with the IAEA

  6. CIS countries Since AAP 2008 Since AAP 2009 Envisaged in future AAPs INSC geographical extension

  7. The Instrument for Stability Regulation (EC) 1717/2006 of 15 November 2006 establishing an Instrument for Stability (2007-2013) (1) Response to crisis or natural disasters (short term-component) (2) Longer-term actions to counter global and trans-regional threats (trafficking, proliferation NBC agents, threats to public health, etc) (3) longer-term pre- and post-crisis capacity building measures (strengthening international organizations in crisis prevention) Global envelope: € 2,118,000,000 Europe Aid Cooperation Office

  8. Strategy 2007-2011 (adopted mid-2007) Three prioritiesfor the longer-term component (Art. 4 Trans-regional threats to stability) : • Priority 1 – Strategy against WMD proliferation (Art. 4.2) • CBRN materials and agents • Export control (dual-use goods) • Redirection of weapons scientists' knowledge • Priority 2 – Counteracting global and trans-regional threats (threats to law and order, to the security and safety of individuals, to critical infrastructure and to public health -- Art. 4.1) • Priority 3 – Building capacity for effective crisis response (Art. 4.3) Europe Aid Cooperation Office

  9. Summary 2007-2008 • Knowledge Management System on CBRN Trafficking in the North of Africa and the Middle East(contracted to UNICRI) € 1,000,000 • Combating illicit trafficking of nuclear and radioactive materials in selected FSU and Mediterranean countries and preparation of border management activities in the ASEAN region (to be contracted to Joint Research Centre) € 6,700,000 • Assistance to the Russian Federation in export control of dual-use items(to be contracted to BAFA) € 1,000,000 • Strengthening capabilities in the field of bio-safety & -security in Russia and in Central Asian countries (to be implemented through the ISTC) € 6,800,000 Europe Aid Cooperation Office

  10. Indicative Programme 2009-2011 • CBRN Centre of Excellence – First Phase € 5,000,000 • Border monitoring activities in the Republic of Georgia, Central Asia and Afghanistan € 4,000,000 • Redirection of former Iraqi WMD scientists through capacity building for decommissioning of nuclear facilities, including site and radioactive waste management € 2,500,000 • Multilateral Nuclear Assurances (EU contribution to the nuclear fuel bank under supervision of the IAEA) € 10,000,000 Europe Aid Cooperation Office

  11. National CBRN Team National CBRN Team National CBRN Team Regional Center 1 (CBRN Hub) Regional Center 2 Regional Center 3 National CBRN Team National CBRN Team Competent Organisations in the Member States and international partners International & RegionalOrganisations National CBRN Team National CBRN Team National CBRN Team National CBRN Team Concept of Regional centres of excellence on CBRN

  12. Further information http://ec.europa.eu/europeaid/where/worldwide/stability-instrument/index_en.htm (Instrument for Stability – working documents, projects, etc) http://ec.europa.eu/europeaid/work/ap/index_en.htm (full Annual Action Programmes) Europe Aid Cooperation Office

  13. The JRC Nuclear Security Programme (2007-2011) (Safeguards, Non-Proliferation, Combating the illicit trafficking) • Maintaining competence in Safeguards techniques(underpinning research) and Increased effectiveness/efficiency • for safeguards (intelligent systems, remote technologies) • Additional protocol (integrated safeguards, information analysis) • Reference materials and quality assurance • Development/support to TREN/IAEA (evolution of verificationtechnology, services, training) • Illicit trafficking/forensic analysis • Open source Information collection on Nuclear Non Proliferation • Risk assessment methodology (enhanced proliferation resistance) • Enlargement and international support (Russia, …) • International collaborations (US-DoE, Canada, ABAC,ITWG, BMWG,…)

  14. R&D activities in support to Euratom and IAEA Main areas • Research and development • Analytical measurements of nuclear samples. • Analytical measurements of environmental particle samples for Safeguards purposes. • - operation of the Euratom On Site Laboratory (OSL) • - support to IAEA in Rokkasho Japan). • Support in analytical measurements in joint DG-TREN and IAEA inspections at nuclear fuel fabrication plants. • Production and provision of QC materials. Assistance in certification/verification of nuclear reference materials and spikes. • Information technology

  15. Training facilities for nuclear safeguards inspectors NDA Neutron, gamma PERLA (Performance Laboratory) (with well characterised U/Pu) MASS/VOLUME Density and level determinations and process/behaviour follow-up CONTAINMENT/SURVEILLANCE Camera observation with image treatment and image review tools COMPLEMENTARY ACCESS Novel training courses for enhancing the nuclear inspectors observation and soft skills

  16. 2009+: Towards an EU Security Training Centre at JRC • Requested by MS and EC/DG-JLS, the centre will focus on training on nuclear security. It may later broaden its scope to include training on Dual use and export control. The JRC will involve the MS expertise in these domains. • Beneficiary countries of the TACIS and Instrument of stability programme will also benefit from it.

  17. Education on nuclear safeguards and non-proliferation Education: Academic courses, recognised in networks Example: Nuclear Safeguards and Non-Proliferation ESARDA Course at IPSC (4th ESARDA course, Ispra 14-18 April 2008 with 67 participants) The programme covers why, what, who, where and how of the nuclear safeguards and non-proliferation topics, including information on the implementation and treaty monitoring, given by leading safeguards experts ESARDA Course Syllabus: in press (review by ESARDAWGs) 14 students included the course in their academic curriculum for 3ECTS- Bologna ISBN 978-92-79-05518-8

  18. Education on nuclear safeguards and non-proliferation • European Nuclear Energy Leadership Academy (ENELA) • Founded by leading European Nuclear industries-2009 • Program start in 2011 in Munich/Germany • Initial program: • Nuclear Energy management program (Masters degree) • Nuclear Energy Leadership cycle • Think tank activities • info@enela.eu

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