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IS THE PROCESS IN WHICH SIMPLE ORGANIC MOLECULES ARE TRANSFORMED INTO COMPLEX “ENERGETIC” ONES.

PHOTOSYNTESIS. IS THE PROCESS IN WHICH SIMPLE ORGANIC MOLECULES ARE TRANSFORMED INTO COMPLEX “ENERGETIC” ONES. SOLAR ENERGY IS REQUIRED. CO 2 + H 2 O ------------- > C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2. -(CH 2 )--(CH 2 )-- C-OH C=O C=O OH O=C=O. ENERGY.

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IS THE PROCESS IN WHICH SIMPLE ORGANIC MOLECULES ARE TRANSFORMED INTO COMPLEX “ENERGETIC” ONES.

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  1. PHOTOSYNTESIS IS THE PROCESS IN WHICH SIMPLE ORGANIC MOLECULES ARE TRANSFORMED INTO COMPLEX “ENERGETIC” ONES. SOLAR ENERGY IS REQUIRED.

  2. CO2 + H2O -------------> C6H12O6 + O2

  3. -(CH2 )--(CH2 )-- C-OH C=O C=O OH O=C=O ENERGY

  4. CO2 + H2O -------------> C6H12O6+ O2 + ENERGY Endergonic Reaction

  5. RESPIRATION FOOD ATP Respiration is the chemical process that transform the energy of food into a universal chemical compound called ATP.

  6. Title ADENOSIN DIPHOSPHATE (ADP)

  7. Title ADENOSIN TRIPHOSPHATE (ATP)

  8. CO + H O C H O + O 2 2 6 2 6 12

  9. CO + H O C H O + O 2 2 2 6 12 6 + ENERGY Exergonic reaction

  10. Title Thylacoid Stroma Inner Membrane Outer membrane CHLOROPLAST

  11. Chloroplasts

  12. LIGHT (ENERGY) H 2O LIGHT-DEPENDENT REACTIONS O2 ATP, NADPH CO2 LIGHT-INDEPENDENT REACTIONS CHO

  13. INSIDE THYLACOID

  14. Light- Dependent Reactions • One of three processes occurs when light strikes an object; • Light is absorbed (drives photosynthesis) • Light is reflected (makes objects visible) • Light is transmitted (makes objects visible)

  15. Chlorophyll • Chlorophyll, the key light-capturing molecule in thylakoid membranes, strongly absorbs violet, blue, and redlight but reflects green (thus that is what our eyes see). • Thylakoids also contain other molecules, called accessory pigments that capture light energy and transfer it to chlorophyll. • Carotenoids absorb blue and green light and reflect mostly yellow, orange or red. • Phycocyanins absorb green and yellow and thus we see the blue or purple wavelengths

  16. Light- Dependent Reactions • In the thylakoid membranes, chlorophyll, accessory pigment molecules, and electron-carrier molecules form highly organized asseblies called photosystems

  17. Q FeS + H Pq Fd cit f Fad - + Pc 2e NADP  NADPH P700 (FS I) P680 (FSII) + H + O H O 2 2

  18. Light- Dependent Reactions • There are two different photosystems • Photosystem I • Photosystem II

  19. Light- Dependent Reactions • The light-harvesting complex is composed of about 300 chlorophyll and accessory pigment molecules that absorb light and pass the energy to a specific chloropyll molecule called the reaction center • Thus these pigments act as antenae to direct the light energy to the electron transport system

  20. ATP ADP+Pi H2O [H+] H2O

  21. CO2 2 ATP 2  2 ADP H2 C-O-P | COH | C-O-P || O H 2NADPH ADP 2 P 2 NADP + ATP H2 COH | C=O | COH | COH | C-O-P H2 C-O-P | COH | C-H || O H H H H2 H2 C-O-P | COH | C=O | OH H2O H H2 C-O-P | C=O | COH | COH | C-O-P H CALVIN CYCLE H H2 Glucose

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