Warm Up: What caused Bacon’s Rebellion? What were its long term impacts?

1. Warm Up: • What caused Bacon’s Rebellion? • What were its long term impacts? • What were the characteristics of the ‘frontiersman’?

2. Bacon’s Rebellion: 1676

3. Settling New England

5. New England Colonies, 1650

6. Plymouth Colony • The Pilgrims established the Plymouth Colony in 1620 • Separatists – broke away from the Church of England because of its ties to Catholicism • ‘Congregationalists’

7. Massachusetts Bay Colony • Established by John Winthrop in 1630 as a refuge for Puritans who were being persecuted in England • Puritans – seek to “purify” the COE, not break away • Believe colony will be a “city upon a hill”: an example for all to see

8. Massachusetts Bay Colony • Mandatory church attendance • Church supported by taxes • Very intolerant of other religions • Settlers could be charged with heresy and banished from the colony if they spoke out against the church

9. Hard Work: - The Puritans worked very hard at farming, fishing, and hunting in order to become successful. Values: - religion and education were very important. - dancing and games were disapproved of, and illegal on the Sabbath.

10. Work on your colonial brochures!

11. Characteristics of New England Settlements • Low mortality  average life expectancy was 70 years of age. • Many extended families. • Average 6 children per family. • Average age at marriage: • Women – 22 years old • Men – 27 years old.

12. Rhode Island • 1635- preacher named Roger Williams was banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony for speaking out against the Puritan way • Williams founded Providence: he separated the church and state and allowed differing religious beliefs • Stated that only Native Americans should be allowed to grant land to the colonists

13. Half-Way Covenant • Political participation was a problem because you had to be “born-again” to vote • 1662 – HWC provided a partial church membership for the children and grandchildren of Puritan church members as a means of keeping the church's influence in society.

14. Warm up #4 • In your own words, briefly describe religious life in Puritan New England.

15. King Philip’s War (1675-1676} • Only hope for Native Americans to resist white settlers was to UNITE. • Metacom [King Philip to white settlers] • Massasoit’s son, Metacom, united Indians and staged coordinated attacks on white settlements throughout New England. • Frontier settlements forced to retreat to Boston.

16. King Philip’s War (1675-1676} • The war ended in failure for the Indians • Metacom beheaded and drawn and quartered. • His son and wife sold into slavery. • Per capita, deadliest war in American history! • N.A. Never a serious threat in New England again!!

18. The Mayflower CompactNovember 11, 1620 • Not a constitution, but an agreement to form a govt. and submit to majority rule. • Signed by 41 adult males. • Self-government!

19. Warm up #5 • Provide two examples of self-government in New England during the colonial era.

20. New England Government • Town Meetings: residents met to discuss issues and pass laws for the community • Town meetings gave colonists a chance at self government (Why would this lead to the American Revolution?)

21. Loss of Massachusetts Charter • 1684- The British King revoked the Massachusetts Charter to gain more control of trade (colonists not happy). • Colonists repeatedly broke terms of their charter which led to it being revoked • Massachusetts later became a royal colony

22. Salem Witch Trials - Digital History handout In the 1690s the Salem Witch Trials began in Massachusetts; 150 colonists accused; 19 hanged • Causes include tension over loss of the charter along with economic, social and gender issues

24. Salem Witch Trials • The group admitted later that they had made up the accusations • Reasons for the accusations may have been from cultural/economic differences • Most accusers lived in Salem Village; most accused lived in Salem Town • Most of the accused were women

26. Witch Scene – Monty Python and the Holy Grail

27. SSUSH1 C: Mid Atlantic Colonies

28. Middle Colonies • Mid-Atlantic Colonies – New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware • Diverse populations • Religious tolerance • Wheat/cereal production

29. New Amsterdam • 1614- Dutch fur-trading post; aka“New Netherland” • Thrived in Indian fur trade • 1664- Taken over by the British; becomes New York

30. Pennsylvania • Founded 1680 by William Penn • Safe haven for Quakers -Complete political and religious freedom -Made land available to all settlers

31. French Settlement • Quebec was the first permanent settlement of France in the New World • Built on fur trading and trapping • French, Dutch and English Middle Colonies all friendly with natives – small settlements, mutually beneficial trade

32. Impact of Geography: • All regions used rivers to connect to the interior and ports, to import/export with Europeans and Native Americans

33. Warm Up • What were the ‘practical’ reasons for the Salem Witch trials? • What is a difference between French and English colonization?

34. The South • Good soil, long growing season • North of the fall line – subsistence; south – large plantations – warmer, flatter • Society spread out; dominated by plantation-owning elites • Widespread use of slavery

35. New England • Poor, rocky soil; short growing season • Big ship-building industry; fishing, whaling trade in harbors (Boston) • New England was the ‘merchant’ region – south often shipped larger quantities of goods north to be transported

36. Middle Colonies • Access to rivers and the interior – helps port cities trade • Philadelphia and New York two main hubs • Traded Native American furs for iron tools and firearms • Large farms, wheat/cereal production; not ‘plantation’ society